Non-protein amino acids homoarginine (hArg) and β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIB) inhibit atherogenesis by weakening the inflammatory response in the vascular wall. The influence of these amino acids on growth factor-induced migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMC) of rat aorta was studied in vitro. It turned out that hArg and BAIB do not affect these processes, but the latter were suppressed by nitric oxide (NO). Thus, hArg and BAIB do not have direct effect on migration and proliferation of aortic SMC. At the same time, they can affect these processes indirectly through the hArg influence on NO production by endothelial cells, as well as, probably, due to their anti-inflammatory properties.