The paper is concern the beginning of genesis of the concept of scientific objectivity, which is associated with the period of Second scholasticism and Descartes' philosophy, when the foundations of Early Modern scientific rationality are formed and the metaphysical problems are transformed. Appeal to the source of this concept reveals the totality of its meaning, which is partly lost in modern times. In this totality the question on existence of outside things, or on cognition of independent reality finds its answer, which involves the proper arrangement of practices of scientific researcher.