The article presents the first application of the “Neurotic Personality Questionnaire KON-2006” method, developed by the Polish scientist J. Aleksandrowicz, in Russia. This study is approved by the Ethics Committee of St. Petersburg State University. At subsequent stages, the project was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant№ 17-06-00956). It describes the adaptation procedure of the questionnaire, and the results obtained from the study of his construct and convergent validity. The paper outlines the results of an empirical study, conducted with 423 participants (201 patients with neurotic disorders, and 222 healthy persons), which demonstrate the psychodiagnostic possibilities of the method. It shows that, in the Russian sample, “KON-2006” clearly demarcates the clinical group from the healthy group, revealing significant differences in almost all indicators. The questionnaire describes a wide range of personality traits (personality dysfunctions) inherent in patients with neurotic disorders, and reveals their high level of manifestation. Along with the “KON-2006”, the present study also uses methods for studying the level of social frustration: the “Neurotic personality traits” questionnaire, the “Level of neuroticism” questionnaire, the Symptoms Check List – 90 method, for studying the severity of psychopathological symptoms, and a method for studying intrapersonal conflicts. Our study revealed the personality traits that show the highest correlation with clinically validated neurotic disorders. Based on these observations, an attempt was made to identify and describe certain “personality types” typical of patients with neurotic disorders. As a result, we have designed a methodical complex for the positive diagnosis of neurosis, which main tool is the “Neurotic Personality Questionnaire KON-2006”.