TY - JOUR

T1 - The Evolution of Concepts about the Biological Role of Lampbrush Chromosomes

AU - Saifitdinova, A. F.

AU - Galkina, S. A.

AU - Gaginskaya, E. R.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021, Pleiades Publishing, Inc. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2021/5

Y1 - 2021/5

N2 - Abstract: The review is focused on the development of ideas about the role of one of the most mysterious phenomena of developmental biology, i.e., the transformation of chromosomes into the so-called lampbrush chromosomes (LBCs). Eukaryotic chromosomes in the LBC phase are characterized by a low level of condensation and discrete structure formed by numerous linearly arranged compact chromomeres, from which lateral loops coated with transcripts are extruded. Linear sizes of LBCs exceed the sizes of the corresponding mitotic chromosomes by more than 30 times, making LBCs a valuable model for analyzing the structure and functioning of chromosomes, as well as structural and functional organization of the genome as a whole by the methods of molecular cytogenetics and genomics with very high resolution. Wide distribution of this phenomenon in nature suggests its functional importance. However, despite repeated attempts to understand the sense of the transformation of chromosomes into LBCs, many questions still remain open. The review critically examines all the main hypotheses explaining the functional importance of LBCs.

AB - Abstract: The review is focused on the development of ideas about the role of one of the most mysterious phenomena of developmental biology, i.e., the transformation of chromosomes into the so-called lampbrush chromosomes (LBCs). Eukaryotic chromosomes in the LBC phase are characterized by a low level of condensation and discrete structure formed by numerous linearly arranged compact chromomeres, from which lateral loops coated with transcripts are extruded. Linear sizes of LBCs exceed the sizes of the corresponding mitotic chromosomes by more than 30 times, making LBCs a valuable model for analyzing the structure and functioning of chromosomes, as well as structural and functional organization of the genome as a whole by the methods of molecular cytogenetics and genomics with very high resolution. Wide distribution of this phenomenon in nature suggests its functional importance. However, despite repeated attempts to understand the sense of the transformation of chromosomes into LBCs, many questions still remain open. The review critically examines all the main hypotheses explaining the functional importance of LBCs.

KW - chromatin

KW - diplotene

KW - genome organization

KW - meiosis

KW - transcription

KW - SATELLITE DNA

KW - IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION

KW - TRANSCRIPTION UNITS

KW - NONCODING RNA

KW - XENOPUS-LAEVIS

KW - CHICKEN

KW - HIGHLY REPEATED DNA

KW - TRITURUS AMPHIBIA

KW - NEWT NOTOPHTHALMUS

KW - HISTONE LOCI

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85106857046&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/d850fb36-8f40-3296-aee3-2a8abd6513c7/

U2 - 10.1134/s1022795421050100

DO - 10.1134/s1022795421050100

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85106857046

VL - 57

SP - 499

EP - 514

JO - Russian Journal of Genetics

JF - Russian Journal of Genetics

SN - 1022-7954

IS - 5

ER -