The authors of the present study provide a comparative analysis of the quality of life within the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the people’s quality of life was based on the study of cultural, social and economic indicators and was held in accordance with the specifics of the Arctic zone of the RF. The Arctic zone was compared to the other subjects of the RF and a factorial analysis was carried out which gave an opportunity to define factors having the greatest impact on the generation of the people’s quality of life.