Abstract: The strength and resistance of the Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy to solid particle erosion have been studied in as-delivered state and after the equal-channel angular pressing. The ultrafine-grained material and the initial material have been tested for dynamic tension using an Instron drop tower testing machine and an aerodynamic setup for erosion testing with corundum particles as an abrasive material. Despite a substantial increase in the static strength properties, the ultrafine-grained material demonstrates the properties similar to those of the initial material under dynamic loads, which, in turn, has been analyzed based on a structural–temporal approach using the incubation time criterion.