This paper aims to explore the relationship between different components of strategic entrepreneurship (particularly, entrepreneurial mindset, innovation, managing resources strategically, and competitive advantage) and SME performance during the economic crisis. To test the theoretical model, we utilize data collected through a survey of Russian SMEs during the period of economic crisis and subsequent stagnation in 2015–2016. The findings suggest that the entrepreneurial component of strategic entrepreneurship is positively related to SME performance during the economic crisis; moreover, a significant negative link was found between SME performance of firms outside the Central Federal Region and an interaction term of Entrepreneurial Component and Competitive Advantage that suggests the need to choose only one type of action and not to perform both simultaneously.