Abstract: The second school in medicinal chemistry was held from July 3 to July 6, 2023, at St. Petersburg State University as part of the All-Russian conference with international participation “Ideas and Legacy of A.E. Favorsky in Organic Chemistry” with the support of the St. Petersburg branch of the Mendeleev Russian Chemical Society. Leading experts in the field of medicinal chemistry, young scientists, and students from various institutes and universities of Russia took part in the work. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2023.