The problem of demographic reproduction in Russia is widely discussed. This article analyzes the topic of reproductive health of the population and the state resources manifested for its maintenance. State policy measures in the field of reproductive health of the population relate mainly to solving problems of a demographic nature. In addition to financial, medical, organizational, material and technological, they include legal regulation of marriage and family relations, reproductive behavior. Reproductive health is comprehended in the context of human health as the most important component of a person's biography, an intrinsic attribute of his/her life course, a significant factor in personal and social well-being. For an individual, regardless of gender, reproductive health and a positive attitude towards reproductiveness is a significant contribution to public wealth, a measure of respect and recognition, the subject of efforts of non-governmental organizations, business and, of course, government authorities. State regulation of issues related to reproduction is disclosed on the basis of an analysis and assessment of the main regulatory legal acts, federal programs currently being implemented on the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as existing normative documents.