This article reflects on the dominant contemporary myths about the Russian involvement in the First World War. The text covers Russian historiographical discussions of the topic and trends, with brief comments but is not intended to address other global currents; the analysis focuses on myths emerging in society and, to a lesser extent, among scholars. The intention is to account for the complexity that surrounds the historical myths about Russian participation in the war and to avoid the emergence of new myths or the reappearance of old myths.