Comparing Ecclesiastes' thoughts attested in Eccl. 3:10-11, 21; 7:29, 8:5-7, 11-14, 11:5, 9, 12:3-7, 14 with Aristotle's ideas recorded in his treatises On the Soul (II, 2, 413a3-10, 413b24-25; III, 5, 430?22-25; V, 4, 430?1-4), Metaphysics (XII, 1070?26, 1074b1-14), and Nicomachean Ethics (I, 11, 1100a29-30, 1101a35-1101b9; X, 7, 1177a11-1178a8, cf. also Protrepticus, fr. 10c), the author tries to reveal possible parallels in these thinkers' views on the eternity and immortality of the spirit/soul and posthumous requital in correlation with its rational and moral merits.