We herein report on the photophysics of color centers in visible-light-active (VLA) rutile titania ceramics and titania powder resulting from the photoformation and separation of charge carriers explored by a diffuse reflectance (DR) spectroscopic and kinetic study using a cryostat-type accessory for a Cary 5000 spectrophotometer after exposure of the titanias to UV radiation and Vis-light illumination. The action spectrum of the photoformation of Ti³⁺ at 90 K accorded fully with the absorption spectrum of intrinsic defects in the as-synthesized TiO₂. The photoinduced absorption spectra consisted of a set of individual absorption bands attributable to several different Ti³⁺ centers. Analysis of the dependencies of the photoformation of separate centers on the wavelength of illumination and light exposure provided extraction of specific Ti³⁺ centers putatively attributed to centers with excess negative charge {2Ti³⁺ + V_o ²⁺} ⟵→ {Ti^δ+ + V_o ²⁺} with 3 > δ > 2 formed at significantly high concentration upon maximal exposure to Vis-light illumination. Thermoprogrammed annealing (TPA) spectra of Ti³⁺ color centers photoinduced in VLA TiO₂ displayed temperature dependencies of the rate of detrapping of the photoinduced holes observed optically through annihilation of the Ti³⁺ centers. The TPA spectra in the range 90–500 K consisted of a set of first-order peaks corresponding to the traps, whose depths ranged from ∼0.2 eV (peak at 130 K in powder specimen) to 1.06 eV (peak at 455 K in the ceramics). The highest rate of recombination of holes released to the valence band with Ti³⁺ centers, an event attributable to the Ti^δ+ centers, provided TPA spectra that clearly manifested the existence of shallow traps. We also report mass spectrometric evidence of the photoformation of electrons and holes in VLA TiO₂ under Vis-light illumination through an examination of the photoadsorption of molecular oxygen and the photodesorption of photoadsorbed oxygen from the surface of powdered VLA titania specimens. Moreover, kinetics of the photodesorption of O₂ under orange light illumination, after the photoadsorption of O₂ stimulated by blue light excitation, provided experimental proof of the occurrence of an additional specific channel toward the photoactivation of VLA TiO₂ via the photoexcitation of photoinduced Ti³⁺ color centers.