The use of target therapy with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) allowed saving the lives to most of the patients. Clinical studies of Discontinuation of tyrosine kinase therapy in patients with the Major Molecular Response have shown that prolongation of remission without treatment is possible in patients with low risk of a relapse. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the pharmacoeconomic efficiency of the management without treatment with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors of CML patients with Major Molecular Response. To the 2020 year 11 000 CML patients are expected in Russia. The expected annual costs of diagnosis and therapy (in case of continuous therapy) are 6.01 billion rubles. Management of CML remission without therapy reduced the expenditures to 5,24 billion rubles annually. Total economy for CML diagnosis and therapy in 2015-2020 in Russia will therefore be about 3,7 billion rubles. The Management of CML patients with the Major Molecular Response predominates over continuous tyrosine kinase therapy in this patient population.