Introduction. Autoimmune diseases etiology is still being studied. In the concept of a mosaic of autoimmunity are added endo- and exogenous factors (Shoenfeld Y, 1989) [1]. Insufficient attention is paid to the role of exogenous factors. Half of humanity lives in the cities [2, 3]. The intensive development of the road-car complex leads to a change in the xenobiotic profile of environmental [3]. The change is due to the arrival of heavy metal compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the form of solid dust particles (TSP). TSP in samples of atmospheric air is 70% aluminosilicates [3]. The pathophysiological mechanisms of inducing autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes mellitus under the influence of TSP have not been studied. Aim. There is to establish pathophysiological mechanisms of dependence between the prevalence of type 1 diabetes in Russia and urbanization factors.ReferencesChurilov, L.P. General Pathophysiology with the Fundamentals of Immunopathology. (656 pp.)5th ed. ELBI-Saint – Petersburg;, Saint Petersburg; 2015Levanchuk, A.V. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of pollution of the environment by products of operational wear of components of the road and automobile complex/Yu.A. Rakhmanin, A.V. Levanchuk//. International journal “Successes of modern science”. 2016; 1: 158–162Central Research Institute of Health Organization and Informatization. Ministry of, Health. Statistical, materials. In 65 volumes. ; 2008–2016