This short review is devoted to the presentation of new routes for the synthesis of nanocomposite layers at the solid-solution interface by the layer-by-layer scheme. A diversity of methodic approaches to the synthesis is divided into separate groups according to the nature of starting reagents. The methods of ion deposition, molecular, colloidal, ion-molecular, molecular-colloidal, and ion-colloidal deposition are set off from them. New routes of synthesis, which are based, in particular, on using soluble fluoride and oxalate metal complexes, polyoxometallates, and also colloidal solutions of layered double hydroxides, are discussed for the methods of ion, ion-colloidal, and colloidal deposition.