Three new genera Heslerodoides gen. nov., Gzhelodus gen. nov., and Samarodus gen. nov. were erected on the basis of numerous isolated teeth found in the late Carboniferous of European part of Russia. The teeth of the ctenacanthiform Heslerodoides resemble the teeth of Heslerodus and demonstrate the morphological variations of teeth in their dentition. The protacrodontid euselachian Gzhelodus is closely related to Deihim and Tiaraju. The peculiar teeth of Samarodus possess a combination of features previously unknown in the Palaeozoic chondrichthyans. The new taxa contribute to the knowledge of the variety of dentitions in the Carboniferous shark.