Standard
Multimessenger Characterization of Markarian 501 during Historically Low X-Ray and γ-Ray Activity. / Abe, H.; Abe, S.; Acciari, V. A.; Agudo, I.; Aniello, T.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.; Arbet-Engels, A.; Arcaro, C.; Artero, M.; Asano, K.; Baack, D.; Babić, A.; Baquero, A.; Almeida, U. Barres de; Barrio, J. A.; Batković, I.; Baxter, J.; González, J. Becerra; Bednarek, W.; Bernardini, E.; Bernardos, M.; Berti, A.; Besenrieder, J.; Bhattacharyya, W.; Bigongiari, C.; Biland, A.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bošnjak, Ž.; Burelli, I.; Busetto, G.; Carosi, R.; Carretero-Castrillo, M.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Ceribella, G.; Chai, Y.; Chilingarian, A.; Cikota, S.; Colombo, E.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Covino, S.; D’Amico, G.; D’Elia, V.; Vela, P. Da; Dazzi, F.; Angelis, A. De; Lotto, B. De; Popolo, A. Del; Delfino, M.; Delgado, J.; Mendez, C. Delgado; Depaoli, D.; Pierro, F. Di; Venere, L. Di; Espiñeira, E. Do Souto; Prester, D. Dominis; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Elsaesser, D.; Emery, G.; Escudero, J.; Ramazani, V. Fallah; Fariña, L.; Fattorini, A.; Foffano, L.; Font, L.; Fruck, C.; Fukami, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; López, R. J. García; Garczarczyk, M.; Gasparyan, S.; Gaug, M.; Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Godinović, N.; Grau, R.; Green, D.; Green, J. G.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Hassan, T.; Heckmann, L.; Herrera, J.; Hrupec, D.; Hütten, M.; Imazawa, R.; Inada, T.; Iotov, R.; Ishio, K.; Martínez, I. Jiménez; Jormanainen, J.; Kerszberg, D.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Lamastra, A.; Lelas, D.; Leone, F.; Lindfors, E.; Linhoff, L.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lorini, A.; Lyard, E.; Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Maneva, G.; Mang, N.; Manganaro, M.; Mangano, S.; Mannheim, K.; Mariotti, M.; Martínez, M.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Mazin, D.; Menchiari, S.; Mender, S.; Mićanović, S.; Miceli, D.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Molina, E.; Mondal, H. A.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Moreno, V.; Nakamori, T.; Nanci, C.; Nava, L.; Neustroev, V.; Rosillo, M. Nievas; Nigro, C.; Nilsson, K.; Nishijima, K.; Ekoume, T. Njoh; Noda, K.; Nozaki, S.; Ohtani, Y.; Oka, T.; Okumura, A.; Otero-Santos, J.; Paiano, S.; Palatiello, M.; Paneque, D.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Pavletić, L.; Persic, M.; Pihet, M.; Pirola, G.; Podobnik, F.; Moroni, P. G. Prada; Prandini, E.; Principe, G.; Priyadarshi, C.; Rhode, W.; Ribó, M.; Rico, J.; Righi, C.; Rugliancich, A.; Sahakyan, N.; Saito, T.; Sakurai, S.; Satalecka, K.; Saturni, F. G.; Schleicher, B.; Schmidt, K.; Schmuckermaier, F.; Schubert, J. L.; Schweizer, T.; Sitarek, J.; Sliusar, V.; Sobczynska, D.; Spolon, A.; Stamerra, A.; Strišković, J.; Strom, D.; Strzys, M.; Suda, Y.; Surić, T.; Tajima, H.; Takahashi, M.; Takeishi, R.; Tavecchio, F.; Temnikov, P.; Terauchi, K.; Terzić, T.; Teshima, M.; Tosti, L.; Truzzi, S.; Tutone, A.; Ubach, S.; Scherpenberg, J. van; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Ventura, S.; Verguilov, V.; Viale, I.; Vigorito, C. F.; Vitale, V.; Vovk, I.; Walter, R.; Will, M.; Wunderlich, C.; Yamamoto, T.; Zarić, D.; Collaboration), (The MAGIC; Cerruti, M.; Acosta-Pulido, J. A.; Apolonio, G.; Bachev, R.; Baloković, M.; Benítez, E.; Björklund, I.; Bozhilov, V.; Brown, L. F.; Bugg, A.; Carbonell, W.; Carnerero, M. I.; Carosati, D.; Casadio, C.; Chamani, W.; Chen, W. P.; Chigladze, R. A.; Damljanovic, G.; Epps, K.; Erkenov, A.; Feige, M.; Finke, J.; Fuentes, A.; Gazeas, K.; Giroletti, M.; Grishina, T. S.; Gupta, A. C.; Gurwell, M. A.; Heidemann, E.; Hiriart, D.; Hou, W. J.; Hovatta, T.; Ibryamov, S.; Joner, M. D.; Jorstad, S. G.; Kania, J.; Kiehlmann, S.; Kimeridze, G. N.; Kopatskaya, E. N.; Kopp, M.; Korte, M.; Kotas, B.; Koyama, S.; Kramer, J. A.; Kunkel, L.; Kurtanidze, S. O.; Kurtanidze, O. M.; Lähteenmäki, A.; López, J. M.; Larionov, V. M.; Larionova, E. G.; Larionova, L. V.; Leto, C.; Lorey, C.; Mújica, R.; Madejski, G. M.; Marchili, N.; Marscher, A. P.; Minev, M.; Modaressi, A.; Morozova, D. A.; Mufakharov, T.; Myserlis, I.; Nikiforova, A. A.; Nikolashvili, M. G.; Ovcharov, E.; Perri, M.; Raiteri, C. M.; Readhead, A. C. S.; Reimer, A.; Reinhart, D.; Righini, S.; Rosenlehner, K.; Sadun, A. C.; Savchenko, S. S.; Scherbantin, A.; Schneider, L.; Schoch, K.; Seifert, D.; Semkov, E.; Sigua, L. A.; Singh, C.; Sola, P.; Sotnikova, Y.; Spencer, M.; Steineke, R.; Stojanovic, M.; Strigachev, A.; Tornikoski, M.; Traianou, E.; Tramacere, A.; Troitskaya, Yu. V.; Troitskiy, I. S.; Trump, J. B.; Tsai, A.; Valcheva, A.; Vasilyev, A. A.; Verrecchia, F.; Villata, M.; Vince, O.; Vrontaki, K.; Weaver, Z. R.; Zaharieva, E.; Zottmann, N.
в:
The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Том 266, № 2, 37, 16.06.2023.
Результаты исследований: Научные публикации в периодических изданиях › статья › Рецензирование
Harvard
Abe, H, Abe, S, Acciari, VA, Agudo, I, Aniello, T, Ansoldi, S, Antonelli, LA, Arbet-Engels, A, Arcaro, C, Artero, M, Asano, K, Baack, D, Babić, A, Baquero, A, Almeida, UBD, Barrio, JA, Batković, I, Baxter, J, González, JB, Bednarek, W, Bernardini, E, Bernardos, M, Berti, A, Besenrieder, J, Bhattacharyya, W, Bigongiari, C, Biland, A, Blanch, O, Bonnoli, G, Bošnjak, Ž, Burelli, I, Busetto, G, Carosi, R, Carretero-Castrillo, M, Castro-Tirado, AJ, Ceribella, G, Chai, Y, Chilingarian, A, Cikota, S, Colombo, E, Contreras, JL, Cortina, J, Covino, S, D’Amico, G, D’Elia, V, Vela, PD, Dazzi, F, Angelis, AD, Lotto, BD, Popolo, AD, Delfino, M, Delgado, J, Mendez, CD, Depaoli, D, Pierro, FD, Venere, LD, Espiñeira, EDS, Prester, DD, Donini, A, Dorner, D, Doro, M, Elsaesser, D, Emery, G, Escudero, J, Ramazani, VF, Fariña, L, Fattorini, A, Foffano, L, Font, L, Fruck, C, Fukami, S, Fukazawa, Y, López, RJG, Garczarczyk, M, Gasparyan, S, Gaug, M, Paiva, JGG, Giglietto, N, Giordano, F, Gliwny, P, Godinović, N, Grau, R, Green, D, Green, JG, Hadasch, D, Hahn, A, Hassan, T, Heckmann, L, Herrera, J, Hrupec, D, Hütten, M, Imazawa, R, Inada, T, Iotov, R, Ishio, K, Martínez, IJ, Jormanainen, J, Kerszberg, D, Kobayashi, Y, Kubo, H, Kushida, J, Lamastra, A, Lelas, D, Leone, F, Lindfors, E, Linhoff, L, Lombardi, S, Longo, F, López-Coto, R, López-Moya, M, López-Oramas, A, Loporchio, S, Lorini, A, Lyard, E, Fraga, BMDO, Majumdar, P, Makariev, M, Maneva, G, Mang, N, Manganaro, M, Mangano, S, Mannheim, K, Mariotti, M, Martínez, M, Mas-Aguilar, A, Mazin, D, Menchiari, S, Mender, S, Mićanović, S, Miceli, D, Miener, T, Miranda, JM, Mirzoyan, R, Molina, E, Mondal, HA, Moralejo, A, Morcuende, D, Moreno, V, Nakamori, T, Nanci, C, Nava, L, Neustroev, V, Rosillo, MN, Nigro, C, Nilsson, K, Nishijima, K, Ekoume, TN, Noda, K, Nozaki, S, Ohtani, Y, Oka, T, Okumura, A, Otero-Santos, J, Paiano, S, Palatiello, M, Paneque, D, Paoletti, R, Paredes, JM, Pavletić, L, Persic, M, Pihet, M, Pirola, G, Podobnik, F, Moroni, PGP, Prandini, E, Principe, G, Priyadarshi, C, Rhode, W, Ribó, M, Rico, J, Righi, C, Rugliancich, A, Sahakyan, N, Saito, T, Sakurai, S, Satalecka, K, Saturni, FG, Schleicher, B, Schmidt, K, Schmuckermaier, F, Schubert, JL, Schweizer, T, Sitarek, J, Sliusar, V, Sobczynska, D, Spolon, A, Stamerra, A, Strišković, J, Strom, D, Strzys, M, Suda, Y, Surić, T, Tajima, H, Takahashi, M, Takeishi, R, Tavecchio, F, Temnikov, P, Terauchi, K, Terzić, T, Teshima, M, Tosti, L, Truzzi, S, Tutone, A, Ubach, S, Scherpenberg, JV, Acosta, MV, Ventura, S, Verguilov, V, Viale, I, Vigorito, CF, Vitale, V, Vovk, I, Walter, R, Will, M, Wunderlich, C, Yamamoto, T, Zarić, D, Collaboration), TMAGIC, Cerruti, M, Acosta-Pulido, JA, Apolonio, G, Bachev, R, Baloković, M, Benítez, E, Björklund, I, Bozhilov, V, Brown, LF, Bugg, A, Carbonell, W, Carnerero, MI, Carosati, D, Casadio, C, Chamani, W, Chen, WP, Chigladze, RA, Damljanovic, G, Epps, K, Erkenov, A, Feige, M, Finke, J, Fuentes, A, Gazeas, K, Giroletti, M
, Grishina, TS, Gupta, AC, Gurwell, MA, Heidemann, E, Hiriart, D, Hou, WJ, Hovatta, T, Ibryamov, S, Joner, MD
, Jorstad, SG, Kania, J, Kiehlmann, S, Kimeridze, GN
, Kopatskaya, EN, Kopp, M, Korte, M, Kotas, B, Koyama, S, Kramer, JA, Kunkel, L, Kurtanidze, SO, Kurtanidze, OM, Lähteenmäki, A, López, JM
, Larionov, VM, Larionova, EG, Larionova, LV, Leto, C, Lorey, C, Mújica, R, Madejski, GM, Marchili, N, Marscher, AP, Minev, M, Modaressi, A
, Morozova, DA, Mufakharov, T, Myserlis, I
, Nikiforova, AA, Nikolashvili, MG, Ovcharov, E, Perri, M, Raiteri, CM, Readhead, ACS, Reimer, A, Reinhart, D, Righini, S, Rosenlehner, K, Sadun, AC
, Savchenko, SS, Scherbantin, A, Schneider, L, Schoch, K, Seifert, D, Semkov, E, Sigua, LA, Singh, C, Sola, P, Sotnikova, Y, Spencer, M, Steineke, R, Stojanovic, M, Strigachev, A, Tornikoski, M, Traianou, E, Tramacere, A
, Troitskaya, YV, Troitskiy, IS, Trump, JB, Tsai, A, Valcheva, A
, Vasilyev, AA, Verrecchia, F, Villata, M, Vince, O, Vrontaki, K, Weaver, ZR, Zaharieva, E & Zottmann, N 2023, '
Multimessenger Characterization of Markarian 501 during Historically Low X-Ray and γ-Ray Activity',
The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Том. 266, № 2, 37.
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/acc181APA
Abe, H., Abe, S., Acciari, V. A., Agudo, I., Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Baack, D., Babić, A., Baquero, A., Almeida, U. B. D., Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Baxter, J., González, J. B., ... Zottmann, N. (2023).
Multimessenger Characterization of Markarian 501 during Historically Low X-Ray and γ-Ray Activity.
The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series,
266(2), [37].
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/acc181Vancouver
Author
Abe, H. ; Abe, S. ; Acciari, V. A. ; Agudo, I. ; Aniello, T. ; Ansoldi, S. ; Antonelli, L. A. ; Arbet-Engels, A. ; Arcaro, C. ; Artero, M. ; Asano, K. ; Baack, D. ; Babić, A. ; Baquero, A. ; Almeida, U. Barres de ; Barrio, J. A. ; Batković, I. ; Baxter, J. ; González, J. Becerra ; Bednarek, W. ; Bernardini, E. ; Bernardos, M. ; Berti, A. ; Besenrieder, J. ; Bhattacharyya, W. ; Bigongiari, C. ; Biland, A. ; Blanch, O. ; Bonnoli, G. ; Bošnjak, Ž. ; Burelli, I. ; Busetto, G. ; Carosi, R. ; Carretero-Castrillo, M. ; Castro-Tirado, A. J. ; Ceribella, G. ; Chai, Y. ; Chilingarian, A. ; Cikota, S. ; Colombo, E. ; Contreras, J. L. ; Cortina, J. ; Covino, S. ; D’Amico, G. ; D’Elia, V. ; Vela, P. Da ; Dazzi, F. ; Angelis, A. De ; Lotto, B. De ; Popolo, A. Del ; Delfino, M. ; Delgado, J. ; Mendez, C. Delgado ; Depaoli, D. ; Pierro, F. Di ; Venere, L. Di ; Espiñeira, E. Do Souto ; Prester, D. Dominis ; Donini, A. ; Dorner, D. ; Doro, M. ; Elsaesser, D. ; Emery, G. ; Escudero, J. ; Ramazani, V. Fallah ; Fariña, L. ; Fattorini, A. ; Foffano, L. ; Font, L. ; Fruck, C. ; Fukami, S. ; Fukazawa, Y. ; López, R. J. García ; Garczarczyk, M. ; Gasparyan, S. ; Gaug, M. ; Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht ; Giglietto, N. ; Giordano, F. ; Gliwny, P. ; Godinović, N. ; Grau, R. ; Green, D. ; Green, J. G. ; Hadasch, D. ; Hahn, A. ; Hassan, T. ; Heckmann, L. ; Herrera, J. ; Hrupec, D. ; Hütten, M. ; Imazawa, R. ; Inada, T. ; Iotov, R. ; Ishio, K. ; Martínez, I. Jiménez ; Jormanainen, J. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Kobayashi, Y. ; Kubo, H. ; Kushida, J. ; Lamastra, A. ; Lelas, D. ; Leone, F. ; Lindfors, E. ; Linhoff, L. ; Lombardi, S. ; Longo, F. ; López-Coto, R. ; López-Moya, M. ; López-Oramas, A. ; Loporchio, S. ; Lorini, A. ; Lyard, E. ; Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira ; Majumdar, P. ; Makariev, M. ; Maneva, G. ; Mang, N. ; Manganaro, M. ; Mangano, S. ; Mannheim, K. ; Mariotti, M. ; Martínez, M. ; Mas-Aguilar, A. ; Mazin, D. ; Menchiari, S. ; Mender, S. ; Mićanović, S. ; Miceli, D. ; Miener, T. ; Miranda, J. M. ; Mirzoyan, R. ; Molina, E. ; Mondal, H. A. ; Moralejo, A. ; Morcuende, D. ; Moreno, V. ; Nakamori, T. ; Nanci, C. ; Nava, L. ; Neustroev, V. ; Rosillo, M. Nievas ; Nigro, C. ; Nilsson, K. ; Nishijima, K. ; Ekoume, T. Njoh ; Noda, K. ; Nozaki, S. ; Ohtani, Y. ; Oka, T. ; Okumura, A. ; Otero-Santos, J. ; Paiano, S. ; Palatiello, M. ; Paneque, D. ; Paoletti, R. ; Paredes, J. M. ; Pavletić, L. ; Persic, M. ; Pihet, M. ; Pirola, G. ; Podobnik, F. ; Moroni, P. G. Prada ; Prandini, E. ; Principe, G. ; Priyadarshi, C. ; Rhode, W. ; Ribó, M. ; Rico, J. ; Righi, C. ; Rugliancich, A. ; Sahakyan, N. ; Saito, T. ; Sakurai, S. ; Satalecka, K. ; Saturni, F. G. ; Schleicher, B. ; Schmidt, K. ; Schmuckermaier, F. ; Schubert, J. L. ; Schweizer, T. ; Sitarek, J. ; Sliusar, V. ; Sobczynska, D. ; Spolon, A. ; Stamerra, A. ; Strišković, J. ; Strom, D. ; Strzys, M. ; Suda, Y. ; Surić, T. ; Tajima, H. ; Takahashi, M. ; Takeishi, R. ; Tavecchio, F. ; Temnikov, P. ; Terauchi, K. ; Terzić, T. ; Teshima, M. ; Tosti, L. ; Truzzi, S. ; Tutone, A. ; Ubach, S. ; Scherpenberg, J. van ; Acosta, M. Vazquez ; Ventura, S. ; Verguilov, V. ; Viale, I. ; Vigorito, C. F. ; Vitale, V. ; Vovk, I. ; Walter, R. ; Will, M. ; Wunderlich, C. ; Yamamoto, T. ; Zarić, D. ; Collaboration), (The MAGIC ; Cerruti, M. ; Acosta-Pulido, J. A. ; Apolonio, G. ; Bachev, R. ; Baloković, M. ; Benítez, E. ; Björklund, I. ; Bozhilov, V. ; Brown, L. F. ; Bugg, A. ; Carbonell, W. ; Carnerero, M. I. ; Carosati, D. ; Casadio, C. ; Chamani, W. ; Chen, W. P. ; Chigladze, R. A. ; Damljanovic, G. ; Epps, K. ; Erkenov, A. ; Feige, M. ; Finke, J. ; Fuentes, A. ; Gazeas, K. ; Giroletti, M.
; Grishina, T. S. ; Gupta, A. C. ; Gurwell, M. A. ; Heidemann, E. ; Hiriart, D. ; Hou, W. J. ; Hovatta, T. ; Ibryamov, S. ; Joner, M. D.
; Jorstad, S. G. ; Kania, J. ; Kiehlmann, S. ; Kimeridze, G. N.
; Kopatskaya, E. N. ; Kopp, M. ; Korte, M. ; Kotas, B. ; Koyama, S. ; Kramer, J. A. ; Kunkel, L. ; Kurtanidze, S. O. ; Kurtanidze, O. M. ; Lähteenmäki, A. ; López, J. M.
; Larionov, V. M. ; Larionova, E. G. ; Larionova, L. V. ; Leto, C. ; Lorey, C. ; Mújica, R. ; Madejski, G. M. ; Marchili, N. ; Marscher, A. P. ; Minev, M. ; Modaressi, A.
; Morozova, D. A. ; Mufakharov, T. ; Myserlis, I.
; Nikiforova, A. A. ; Nikolashvili, M. G. ; Ovcharov, E. ; Perri, M. ; Raiteri, C. M. ; Readhead, A. C. S. ; Reimer, A. ; Reinhart, D. ; Righini, S. ; Rosenlehner, K. ; Sadun, A. C.
; Savchenko, S. S. ; Scherbantin, A. ; Schneider, L. ; Schoch, K. ; Seifert, D. ; Semkov, E. ; Sigua, L. A. ; Singh, C. ; Sola, P. ; Sotnikova, Y. ; Spencer, M. ; Steineke, R. ; Stojanovic, M. ; Strigachev, A. ; Tornikoski, M. ; Traianou, E. ; Tramacere, A.
; Troitskaya, Yu. V. ; Troitskiy, I. S. ; Trump, J. B. ; Tsai, A. ; Valcheva, A.
; Vasilyev, A. A. ; Verrecchia, F. ; Villata, M. ; Vince, O. ; Vrontaki, K. ; Weaver, Z. R. ; Zaharieva, E. ; Zottmann, N. /
Multimessenger Characterization of Markarian 501 during Historically Low X-Ray and γ-Ray Activity. в:
The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 2023 ; Том 266, № 2.
BibTeX
@article{24552259ecbd444886b5e5fbe98488aa,
title = "Multimessenger Characterization of Markarian 501 during Historically Low X-Ray and γ-Ray Activity",
abstract = "We study the broadband emission of Mrk 501 using multiwavelength observations from 2017 to 2020 performed with a multitude of instruments, involving, among others, MAGIC, Fermi's Large Area Telescope (LAT), NuSTAR, Swift, GASP-WEBT, and the Owens Valley Radio Observatory. Mrk 501 showed an extremely low broadband activity, which may help to unravel its baseline emission. Nonetheless, significant flux variations are detected at all wave bands, with the highest occurring at X-rays and very-high-energy (VHE) γ-rays. A significant correlation (>3σ) between X-rays and VHE γ-rays is measured, supporting leptonic scenarios to explain the variable parts of the emission, also during low activity. This is further supported when we extend our data from 2008 to 2020, and identify, for the first time, significant correlations between the Swift X-Ray Telescope and Fermi-LAT. We additionally find correlations between high-energy γ-rays and radio, with the radio lagging by more than 100 days, placing the γ-ray emission zone upstream of the radio-bright regions in the jet. Furthermore, Mrk 501 showed a historically low activity in X-rays and VHE γ-rays from mid-2017 to mid-2019 with a stable VHE flux (>0.2 TeV) of 5% the emission of the Crab Nebula. The broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) of this 2 yr long low state, the potential baseline emission of Mrk 501, can be characterized with one-zone leptonic models, and with (lepto)-hadronic models fulfilling neutrino flux constraints from IceCube. We explore the time evolution of the SED toward the low state, revealing that the stable baseline emission may be ascribed to a standing shock, and the variable emission to an additional expanding or traveling shock.",
author = "H. Abe and S. Abe and Acciari, {V. A.} and I. Agudo and T. Aniello and S. Ansoldi and Antonelli, {L. A.} and A. Arbet-Engels and C. Arcaro and M. Artero and K. Asano and D. Baack and A. Babi{\'c} and A. Baquero and Almeida, {U. Barres de} and Barrio, {J. A.} and I. Batkovi{\'c} and J. Baxter and Gonz{\'a}lez, {J. Becerra} and W. Bednarek and E. Bernardini and M. Bernardos and A. Berti and J. Besenrieder and W. Bhattacharyya and C. Bigongiari and A. Biland and O. Blanch and G. Bonnoli and {\v Z}. Bo{\v s}njak and I. Burelli and G. Busetto and R. Carosi and M. Carretero-Castrillo and Castro-Tirado, {A. J.} and G. Ceribella and Y. Chai and A. Chilingarian and S. Cikota and E. Colombo and Contreras, {J. L.} and J. Cortina and S. Covino and G. D{\textquoteright}Amico and V. D{\textquoteright}Elia and Vela, {P. Da} and F. Dazzi and Angelis, {A. De} and Lotto, {B. De} and Popolo, {A. Del} and M. Delfino and J. Delgado and Mendez, {C. Delgado} and D. Depaoli and Pierro, {F. Di} and Venere, {L. Di} and Espi{\~n}eira, {E. Do Souto} and Prester, {D. Dominis} and A. Donini and D. Dorner and M. Doro and D. Elsaesser and G. Emery and J. Escudero and Ramazani, {V. Fallah} and L. Fari{\~n}a and A. Fattorini and L. Foffano and L. Font and C. Fruck and S. Fukami and Y. Fukazawa and L{\'o}pez, {R. J. Garc{\'i}a} and M. Garczarczyk and S. Gasparyan and M. Gaug and Paiva, {J. G. Giesbrecht} and N. Giglietto and F. Giordano and P. Gliwny and N. Godinovi{\'c} and R. Grau and D. Green and Green, {J. G.} and D. Hadasch and A. Hahn and T. Hassan and L. Heckmann and J. Herrera and D. Hrupec and M. H{\"u}tten and R. Imazawa and T. Inada and R. Iotov and K. Ishio and Mart{\'i}nez, {I. Jim{\'e}nez} and J. Jormanainen and D. Kerszberg and Y. Kobayashi and H. Kubo and J. Kushida and A. Lamastra and D. Lelas and F. Leone and E. Lindfors and L. Linhoff and S. Lombardi and F. Longo and R. L{\'o}pez-Coto and M. L{\'o}pez-Moya and A. L{\'o}pez-Oramas and S. Loporchio and A. Lorini and E. Lyard and Fraga, {B. Machado de Oliveira} and P. Majumdar and M. Makariev and G. Maneva and N. Mang and M. Manganaro and S. Mangano and K. Mannheim and M. Mariotti and M. Mart{\'i}nez and A. Mas-Aguilar and D. Mazin and S. Menchiari and S. Mender and S. Mi{\'c}anovi{\'c} and D. Miceli and T. Miener and Miranda, {J. M.} and R. Mirzoyan and E. Molina and Mondal, {H. A.} and A. Moralejo and D. Morcuende and V. Moreno and T. Nakamori and C. Nanci and L. Nava and V. Neustroev and Rosillo, {M. Nievas} and C. Nigro and K. Nilsson and K. Nishijima and Ekoume, {T. Njoh} and K. Noda and S. Nozaki and Y. Ohtani and T. Oka and A. Okumura and J. Otero-Santos and S. Paiano and M. Palatiello and D. Paneque and R. Paoletti and Paredes, {J. M.} and L. Pavleti{\'c} and M. Persic and M. Pihet and G. Pirola and F. Podobnik and Moroni, {P. G. Prada} and E. Prandini and G. Principe and C. Priyadarshi and W. Rhode and M. Rib{\'o} and J. Rico and C. Righi and A. Rugliancich and N. Sahakyan and T. Saito and S. Sakurai and K. Satalecka and Saturni, {F. G.} and B. Schleicher and K. Schmidt and F. Schmuckermaier and Schubert, {J. L.} and T. Schweizer and J. Sitarek and V. Sliusar and D. Sobczynska and A. Spolon and A. Stamerra and J. Stri{\v s}kovi{\'c} and D. Strom and M. Strzys and Y. Suda and T. Suri{\'c} and H. Tajima and M. Takahashi and R. Takeishi and F. Tavecchio and P. Temnikov and K. Terauchi and T. Terzi{\'c} and M. Teshima and L. Tosti and S. Truzzi and A. Tutone and S. Ubach and Scherpenberg, {J. van} and Acosta, {M. Vazquez} and S. Ventura and V. Verguilov and I. Viale and Vigorito, {C. F.} and V. Vitale and I. Vovk and R. Walter and M. Will and C. Wunderlich and T. Yamamoto and D. Zari{\'c} and Collaboration), {(The MAGIC} and M. Cerruti and Acosta-Pulido, {J. A.} and G. Apolonio and R. Bachev and M. Balokovi{\'c} and E. Ben{\'i}tez and I. Bj{\"o}rklund and V. Bozhilov and Brown, {L. F.} and A. Bugg and W. Carbonell and Carnerero, {M. I.} and D. Carosati and C. Casadio and W. Chamani and Chen, {W. P.} and Chigladze, {R. A.} and G. Damljanovic and K. Epps and A. Erkenov and M. Feige and J. Finke and A. Fuentes and K. Gazeas and M. Giroletti and Grishina, {T. S.} and Gupta, {A. C.} and Gurwell, {M. A.} and E. Heidemann and D. Hiriart and Hou, {W. J.} and T. Hovatta and S. Ibryamov and Joner, {M. D.} and Jorstad, {S. G.} and J. Kania and S. Kiehlmann and Kimeridze, {G. N.} and Kopatskaya, {E. N.} and M. Kopp and M. Korte and B. Kotas and S. Koyama and Kramer, {J. A.} and L. Kunkel and Kurtanidze, {S. O.} and Kurtanidze, {O. M.} and A. L{\"a}hteenm{\"a}ki and L{\'o}pez, {J. M.} and Larionov, {V. M.} and Larionova, {E. G.} and Larionova, {L. V.} and C. Leto and C. Lorey and R. M{\'u}jica and Madejski, {G. M.} and N. Marchili and Marscher, {A. P.} and M. Minev and A. Modaressi and Morozova, {D. A.} and T. Mufakharov and I. Myserlis and Nikiforova, {A. A.} and Nikolashvili, {M. G.} and E. Ovcharov and M. Perri and Raiteri, {C. M.} and Readhead, {A. C. S.} and A. Reimer and D. Reinhart and S. Righini and K. Rosenlehner and Sadun, {A. C.} and Savchenko, {S. S.} and A. Scherbantin and L. Schneider and K. Schoch and D. Seifert and E. Semkov and Sigua, {L. A.} and C. Singh and P. Sola and Y. Sotnikova and M. Spencer and R. Steineke and M. Stojanovic and A. Strigachev and M. Tornikoski and E. Traianou and A. Tramacere and Troitskaya, {Yu. V.} and Troitskiy, {I. S.} and Trump, {J. B.} and A. Tsai and A. Valcheva and Vasilyev, {A. A.} and F. Verrecchia and M. Villata and O. Vince and K. Vrontaki and Weaver, {Z. R.} and E. Zaharieva and N. Zottmann",
year = "2023",
month = jun,
day = "16",
doi = "10.3847/1538-4365/acc181",
language = "English",
volume = "266",
journal = "Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series",
issn = "0067-0049",
publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",
number = "2",
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
T1 - Multimessenger Characterization of Markarian 501 during Historically Low X-Ray and γ-Ray Activity
AU - Abe, H.
AU - Abe, S.
AU - Acciari, V. A.
AU - Agudo, I.
AU - Aniello, T.
AU - Ansoldi, S.
AU - Antonelli, L. A.
AU - Arbet-Engels, A.
AU - Arcaro, C.
AU - Artero, M.
AU - Asano, K.
AU - Baack, D.
AU - Babić, A.
AU - Baquero, A.
AU - Almeida, U. Barres de
AU - Barrio, J. A.
AU - Batković, I.
AU - Baxter, J.
AU - González, J. Becerra
AU - Bednarek, W.
AU - Bernardini, E.
AU - Bernardos, M.
AU - Berti, A.
AU - Besenrieder, J.
AU - Bhattacharyya, W.
AU - Bigongiari, C.
AU - Biland, A.
AU - Blanch, O.
AU - Bonnoli, G.
AU - Bošnjak, Ž.
AU - Burelli, I.
AU - Busetto, G.
AU - Carosi, R.
AU - Carretero-Castrillo, M.
AU - Castro-Tirado, A. J.
AU - Ceribella, G.
AU - Chai, Y.
AU - Chilingarian, A.
AU - Cikota, S.
AU - Colombo, E.
AU - Contreras, J. L.
AU - Cortina, J.
AU - Covino, S.
AU - D’Amico, G.
AU - D’Elia, V.
AU - Vela, P. Da
AU - Dazzi, F.
AU - Angelis, A. De
AU - Lotto, B. De
AU - Popolo, A. Del
AU - Delfino, M.
AU - Delgado, J.
AU - Mendez, C. Delgado
AU - Depaoli, D.
AU - Pierro, F. Di
AU - Venere, L. Di
AU - Espiñeira, E. Do Souto
AU - Prester, D. Dominis
AU - Donini, A.
AU - Dorner, D.
AU - Doro, M.
AU - Elsaesser, D.
AU - Emery, G.
AU - Escudero, J.
AU - Ramazani, V. Fallah
AU - Fariña, L.
AU - Fattorini, A.
AU - Foffano, L.
AU - Font, L.
AU - Fruck, C.
AU - Fukami, S.
AU - Fukazawa, Y.
AU - López, R. J. García
AU - Garczarczyk, M.
AU - Gasparyan, S.
AU - Gaug, M.
AU - Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht
AU - Giglietto, N.
AU - Giordano, F.
AU - Gliwny, P.
AU - Godinović, N.
AU - Grau, R.
AU - Green, D.
AU - Green, J. G.
AU - Hadasch, D.
AU - Hahn, A.
AU - Hassan, T.
AU - Heckmann, L.
AU - Herrera, J.
AU - Hrupec, D.
AU - Hütten, M.
AU - Imazawa, R.
AU - Inada, T.
AU - Iotov, R.
AU - Ishio, K.
AU - Martínez, I. Jiménez
AU - Jormanainen, J.
AU - Kerszberg, D.
AU - Kobayashi, Y.
AU - Kubo, H.
AU - Kushida, J.
AU - Lamastra, A.
AU - Lelas, D.
AU - Leone, F.
AU - Lindfors, E.
AU - Linhoff, L.
AU - Lombardi, S.
AU - Longo, F.
AU - López-Coto, R.
AU - López-Moya, M.
AU - López-Oramas, A.
AU - Loporchio, S.
AU - Lorini, A.
AU - Lyard, E.
AU - Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira
AU - Majumdar, P.
AU - Makariev, M.
AU - Maneva, G.
AU - Mang, N.
AU - Manganaro, M.
AU - Mangano, S.
AU - Mannheim, K.
AU - Mariotti, M.
AU - Martínez, M.
AU - Mas-Aguilar, A.
AU - Mazin, D.
AU - Menchiari, S.
AU - Mender, S.
AU - Mićanović, S.
AU - Miceli, D.
AU - Miener, T.
AU - Miranda, J. M.
AU - Mirzoyan, R.
AU - Molina, E.
AU - Mondal, H. A.
AU - Moralejo, A.
AU - Morcuende, D.
AU - Moreno, V.
AU - Nakamori, T.
AU - Nanci, C.
AU - Nava, L.
AU - Neustroev, V.
AU - Rosillo, M. Nievas
AU - Nigro, C.
AU - Nilsson, K.
AU - Nishijima, K.
AU - Ekoume, T. Njoh
AU - Noda, K.
AU - Nozaki, S.
AU - Ohtani, Y.
AU - Oka, T.
AU - Okumura, A.
AU - Otero-Santos, J.
AU - Paiano, S.
AU - Palatiello, M.
AU - Paneque, D.
AU - Paoletti, R.
AU - Paredes, J. M.
AU - Pavletić, L.
AU - Persic, M.
AU - Pihet, M.
AU - Pirola, G.
AU - Podobnik, F.
AU - Moroni, P. G. Prada
AU - Prandini, E.
AU - Principe, G.
AU - Priyadarshi, C.
AU - Rhode, W.
AU - Ribó, M.
AU - Rico, J.
AU - Righi, C.
AU - Rugliancich, A.
AU - Sahakyan, N.
AU - Saito, T.
AU - Sakurai, S.
AU - Satalecka, K.
AU - Saturni, F. G.
AU - Schleicher, B.
AU - Schmidt, K.
AU - Schmuckermaier, F.
AU - Schubert, J. L.
AU - Schweizer, T.
AU - Sitarek, J.
AU - Sliusar, V.
AU - Sobczynska, D.
AU - Spolon, A.
AU - Stamerra, A.
AU - Strišković, J.
AU - Strom, D.
AU - Strzys, M.
AU - Suda, Y.
AU - Surić, T.
AU - Tajima, H.
AU - Takahashi, M.
AU - Takeishi, R.
AU - Tavecchio, F.
AU - Temnikov, P.
AU - Terauchi, K.
AU - Terzić, T.
AU - Teshima, M.
AU - Tosti, L.
AU - Truzzi, S.
AU - Tutone, A.
AU - Ubach, S.
AU - Scherpenberg, J. van
AU - Acosta, M. Vazquez
AU - Ventura, S.
AU - Verguilov, V.
AU - Viale, I.
AU - Vigorito, C. F.
AU - Vitale, V.
AU - Vovk, I.
AU - Walter, R.
AU - Will, M.
AU - Wunderlich, C.
AU - Yamamoto, T.
AU - Zarić, D.
AU - Collaboration), (The MAGIC
AU - Cerruti, M.
AU - Acosta-Pulido, J. A.
AU - Apolonio, G.
AU - Bachev, R.
AU - Baloković, M.
AU - Benítez, E.
AU - Björklund, I.
AU - Bozhilov, V.
AU - Brown, L. F.
AU - Bugg, A.
AU - Carbonell, W.
AU - Carnerero, M. I.
AU - Carosati, D.
AU - Casadio, C.
AU - Chamani, W.
AU - Chen, W. P.
AU - Chigladze, R. A.
AU - Damljanovic, G.
AU - Epps, K.
AU - Erkenov, A.
AU - Feige, M.
AU - Finke, J.
AU - Fuentes, A.
AU - Gazeas, K.
AU - Giroletti, M.
AU - Grishina, T. S.
AU - Gupta, A. C.
AU - Gurwell, M. A.
AU - Heidemann, E.
AU - Hiriart, D.
AU - Hou, W. J.
AU - Hovatta, T.
AU - Ibryamov, S.
AU - Joner, M. D.
AU - Jorstad, S. G.
AU - Kania, J.
AU - Kiehlmann, S.
AU - Kimeridze, G. N.
AU - Kopatskaya, E. N.
AU - Kopp, M.
AU - Korte, M.
AU - Kotas, B.
AU - Koyama, S.
AU - Kramer, J. A.
AU - Kunkel, L.
AU - Kurtanidze, S. O.
AU - Kurtanidze, O. M.
AU - Lähteenmäki, A.
AU - López, J. M.
AU - Larionov, V. M.
AU - Larionova, E. G.
AU - Larionova, L. V.
AU - Leto, C.
AU - Lorey, C.
AU - Mújica, R.
AU - Madejski, G. M.
AU - Marchili, N.
AU - Marscher, A. P.
AU - Minev, M.
AU - Modaressi, A.
AU - Morozova, D. A.
AU - Mufakharov, T.
AU - Myserlis, I.
AU - Nikiforova, A. A.
AU - Nikolashvili, M. G.
AU - Ovcharov, E.
AU - Perri, M.
AU - Raiteri, C. M.
AU - Readhead, A. C. S.
AU - Reimer, A.
AU - Reinhart, D.
AU - Righini, S.
AU - Rosenlehner, K.
AU - Sadun, A. C.
AU - Savchenko, S. S.
AU - Scherbantin, A.
AU - Schneider, L.
AU - Schoch, K.
AU - Seifert, D.
AU - Semkov, E.
AU - Sigua, L. A.
AU - Singh, C.
AU - Sola, P.
AU - Sotnikova, Y.
AU - Spencer, M.
AU - Steineke, R.
AU - Stojanovic, M.
AU - Strigachev, A.
AU - Tornikoski, M.
AU - Traianou, E.
AU - Tramacere, A.
AU - Troitskaya, Yu. V.
AU - Troitskiy, I. S.
AU - Trump, J. B.
AU - Tsai, A.
AU - Valcheva, A.
AU - Vasilyev, A. A.
AU - Verrecchia, F.
AU - Villata, M.
AU - Vince, O.
AU - Vrontaki, K.
AU - Weaver, Z. R.
AU - Zaharieva, E.
AU - Zottmann, N.
PY - 2023/6/16
Y1 - 2023/6/16
N2 - We study the broadband emission of Mrk 501 using multiwavelength observations from 2017 to 2020 performed with a multitude of instruments, involving, among others, MAGIC, Fermi's Large Area Telescope (LAT), NuSTAR, Swift, GASP-WEBT, and the Owens Valley Radio Observatory. Mrk 501 showed an extremely low broadband activity, which may help to unravel its baseline emission. Nonetheless, significant flux variations are detected at all wave bands, with the highest occurring at X-rays and very-high-energy (VHE) γ-rays. A significant correlation (>3σ) between X-rays and VHE γ-rays is measured, supporting leptonic scenarios to explain the variable parts of the emission, also during low activity. This is further supported when we extend our data from 2008 to 2020, and identify, for the first time, significant correlations between the Swift X-Ray Telescope and Fermi-LAT. We additionally find correlations between high-energy γ-rays and radio, with the radio lagging by more than 100 days, placing the γ-ray emission zone upstream of the radio-bright regions in the jet. Furthermore, Mrk 501 showed a historically low activity in X-rays and VHE γ-rays from mid-2017 to mid-2019 with a stable VHE flux (>0.2 TeV) of 5% the emission of the Crab Nebula. The broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) of this 2 yr long low state, the potential baseline emission of Mrk 501, can be characterized with one-zone leptonic models, and with (lepto)-hadronic models fulfilling neutrino flux constraints from IceCube. We explore the time evolution of the SED toward the low state, revealing that the stable baseline emission may be ascribed to a standing shock, and the variable emission to an additional expanding or traveling shock.
AB - We study the broadband emission of Mrk 501 using multiwavelength observations from 2017 to 2020 performed with a multitude of instruments, involving, among others, MAGIC, Fermi's Large Area Telescope (LAT), NuSTAR, Swift, GASP-WEBT, and the Owens Valley Radio Observatory. Mrk 501 showed an extremely low broadband activity, which may help to unravel its baseline emission. Nonetheless, significant flux variations are detected at all wave bands, with the highest occurring at X-rays and very-high-energy (VHE) γ-rays. A significant correlation (>3σ) between X-rays and VHE γ-rays is measured, supporting leptonic scenarios to explain the variable parts of the emission, also during low activity. This is further supported when we extend our data from 2008 to 2020, and identify, for the first time, significant correlations between the Swift X-Ray Telescope and Fermi-LAT. We additionally find correlations between high-energy γ-rays and radio, with the radio lagging by more than 100 days, placing the γ-ray emission zone upstream of the radio-bright regions in the jet. Furthermore, Mrk 501 showed a historically low activity in X-rays and VHE γ-rays from mid-2017 to mid-2019 with a stable VHE flux (>0.2 TeV) of 5% the emission of the Crab Nebula. The broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) of this 2 yr long low state, the potential baseline emission of Mrk 501, can be characterized with one-zone leptonic models, and with (lepto)-hadronic models fulfilling neutrino flux constraints from IceCube. We explore the time evolution of the SED toward the low state, revealing that the stable baseline emission may be ascribed to a standing shock, and the variable emission to an additional expanding or traveling shock.
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/7511a20c-48a6-3f9b-a61d-b9978070db34/
U2 - 10.3847/1538-4365/acc181
DO - 10.3847/1538-4365/acc181
M3 - Article
VL - 266
JO - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
JF - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
SN - 0067-0049
IS - 2
M1 - 37
ER -
