Industrial development and urbanization require effective constant monitoring and effective removal of major air pollutants. Three of them, the fight against which is discussed in this chapter, appear in the process of burning fuel, although their genesis is different. Sulfur oxide is formed as a result of the combustion of impurities either in hydrocarbons, and in this case, the fight against it should begin with a deep cleaning of the fuel, or by burning coal, and then you have to deal with the desulfurization of exhaust gases. Nitrogen oxide pollutants are formed at high temperatures from nitrogen present in the air, and purification, respectively, occurs in the exhaust gases of heat engines. Carbon dioxide is the main product of the combustion of any fuel and, accordingly, requires special methods for its removal. The environmental impact of these gases is also different. SOx and NOx are pollutants that form smog and acid rain. CO2 is greenhouse gas, and its removal is becoming one of the main goals for climate stabilization. Given these differences, this review of existing materials and processes to eliminate the three main gaseous air pollutants has been made.