TY - JOUR

T1 - Lipophilic Phosphorescent Gold (I) Clusters as Selective Probes for Visualization of Lipid Droplets by Two-Photon Microscopy

AU - Koshel, Elena I.

AU - Chelushkin, Pavel S.

AU - Melnikov, Alexei S.

AU - Serdobintsev, Pavel Yu.

AU - Stolbovaia, Anastasiia Yu.

AU - Saifitdinova, Alsu F.

AU - Shcheslavskiy, Vladislav I.

AU - Chernyavskiy, Oleksandr

AU - Gaginskaya, Elena R.

AU - Koshevoy, Igor O.

AU - Tunik, Sergey P.

PY - 2017

Y1 - 2017

N2 - The development of organelle-specific phosphorescent multiphoton probes is a rapidly growing area in biomedical imaging. Phosphorescent properties allow spectral or time-resolved discrimination from autofluorescence, while the use of two-photon microscopy provides higher spatial resolution as well as deeper penetration into the sample compared to conventional microscopies. The main challenge in this area is the design of probes that combine a complex of desired properties. Here we present investigation of the phosphorescent homoleptic alkynyl gold(I) cluster, (AuC2R)10 (R − 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol), which combines nonlinear optical properties with selectivity to lipid droplets of adipocytes and other cells. This label reveals high two-photon absorption and emission cross-sections in hexane, good solubility in triglycerides (vegetable oil) and microsecond lifetimes both in solution and in biological tissues. These features make it a promising probe for multiphoton bioimaging as demonstrated by successful visualization of various adipose tissues (subcutaneous fat, visceral adipose tissue, adipose tissue of mesentery) of different animals (pigeon, chicken, mouse) as well as lipid droplets in Hep G2 cells. The complex demonstrates high selectivity to lipid droplets in animal tissues and cells. The probe lifetimes in microsecond domain made possible its visualization using phosphorescent lifetime imaging (PLIM) techniques.

AB - The development of organelle-specific phosphorescent multiphoton probes is a rapidly growing area in biomedical imaging. Phosphorescent properties allow spectral or time-resolved discrimination from autofluorescence, while the use of two-photon microscopy provides higher spatial resolution as well as deeper penetration into the sample compared to conventional microscopies. The main challenge in this area is the design of probes that combine a complex of desired properties. Here we present investigation of the phosphorescent homoleptic alkynyl gold(I) cluster, (AuC2R)10 (R − 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol), which combines nonlinear optical properties with selectivity to lipid droplets of adipocytes and other cells. This label reveals high two-photon absorption and emission cross-sections in hexane, good solubility in triglycerides (vegetable oil) and microsecond lifetimes both in solution and in biological tissues. These features make it a promising probe for multiphoton bioimaging as demonstrated by successful visualization of various adipose tissues (subcutaneous fat, visceral adipose tissue, adipose tissue of mesentery) of different animals (pigeon, chicken, mouse) as well as lipid droplets in Hep G2 cells. The complex demonstrates high selectivity to lipid droplets in animal tissues and cells. The probe lifetimes in microsecond domain made possible its visualization using phosphorescent lifetime imaging (PLIM) techniques.

KW - Polynuclear gold-alkynyl cluster

KW - Lipophilic probe

KW - phosphorescence

KW - Adipocyte

KW - Two-photon microscopy

KW - PLIM

U2 - 8.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.08.017

DO - 8.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.08.017

M3 - Article

VL - 332

SP - 122

EP - 130

JO - Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry

JF - Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry

SN - 1010-6030

IS - 1

ER -