This chapter structurally consists of two parts. In the first (Sect. 24.1) general data on the modern principles that underlie the treatment of infectious complications of long-bone fractures are presented. The second part (Sects. 24.2, 24.3, 24.4, and 24.5) is devoted to questions regarding the practical use of external fixation in the pathology considered. Section 24.2 also provides information on the treatment of non-unions and defects, which discussed in detail in Chap. 19.