TY - JOUR

T1 - Implementation of cooperative interaction of automaton objects

AU - Novikov, F.A.

AU - Afanasieva, I.V.

AU - Fedorchenko, L.N.

AU - Kharisova, T.A.

N1 - Export Date: 16 March 2026; Cited By: 0; Correspondence Address: L.N. Fedorchenko; St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, 199178, Russian Federation; email: lnf@iias.spb.su

PY - 2026/2/25

Y1 - 2026/2/25

N2 - This paper addresses the issues related to the implementation of the interaction of automaton objects formalized using specialized state transition graphs. This representation approach, similar to state machine diagrams in Unified Modeling Language, significantly simplifies the development and subsequent maintenance of software. Each automaton object manages specific behavioral aspects of the system while their interaction through the corresponding interfaces ensures the achievement of common goals. Visualization of these objects is implemented using the CIAO (Cooperative Interaction of Automaton Objects) v.3 automata-based programming language. The implementation of the interaction mechanism involves developing a software system that supports the joint execution and interaction of automaton objects. To implement the proposed automaton objects interaction, the bootstrapping technique, known since the mid-1960s, is used. This method involves creating a compiler or interpreter in the same language for which it is being developed. The stepwise refinement method is used to construct the initial interpreter. Subsequently, using transformation patterns from imperative to automata-based constructs, the interpreter is modified into a system of interacting automaton objects, thus achieving the result of the bootstrapping process. This research yielded data structures for representing CIAO v.3 programs. The interpreter’s structure was described in pseudocode using the stepwise refinement method. A set of patterns is proposed to implement imperative constructs through automata-based programming techniques. The structure of the CIAO v.3 language interpreter is presented using CIAO v.3 itself. A Python-based interpreter prototype was realized. The conducted study demonstrates the successful software self-implementation of the CIAO v.3 using the bootstrapping method. The CIAO v.3 language provides efficient design and implementation of software solutions, and also guarantees fault-tolerant component interaction due to the ability to automatically check the properties of CIAO v.3 programs. The proposed approach can be utilized for implementing domain-specific languages in multi-agent systems and human-machine interaction interfaces. © Novikov F.A., Afanasieva I.V., Fedorchenko L.N., Kharisova T.A., 2026.

AB - This paper addresses the issues related to the implementation of the interaction of automaton objects formalized using specialized state transition graphs. This representation approach, similar to state machine diagrams in Unified Modeling Language, significantly simplifies the development and subsequent maintenance of software. Each automaton object manages specific behavioral aspects of the system while their interaction through the corresponding interfaces ensures the achievement of common goals. Visualization of these objects is implemented using the CIAO (Cooperative Interaction of Automaton Objects) v.3 automata-based programming language. The implementation of the interaction mechanism involves developing a software system that supports the joint execution and interaction of automaton objects. To implement the proposed automaton objects interaction, the bootstrapping technique, known since the mid-1960s, is used. This method involves creating a compiler or interpreter in the same language for which it is being developed. The stepwise refinement method is used to construct the initial interpreter. Subsequently, using transformation patterns from imperative to automata-based constructs, the interpreter is modified into a system of interacting automaton objects, thus achieving the result of the bootstrapping process. This research yielded data structures for representing CIAO v.3 programs. The interpreter’s structure was described in pseudocode using the stepwise refinement method. A set of patterns is proposed to implement imperative constructs through automata-based programming techniques. The structure of the CIAO v.3 language interpreter is presented using CIAO v.3 itself. A Python-based interpreter prototype was realized. The conducted study demonstrates the successful software self-implementation of the CIAO v.3 using the bootstrapping method. The CIAO v.3 language provides efficient design and implementation of software solutions, and also guarantees fault-tolerant component interaction due to the ability to automatically check the properties of CIAO v.3 programs. The proposed approach can be utilized for implementing domain-specific languages in multi-agent systems and human-machine interaction interfaces. © Novikov F.A., Afanasieva I.V., Fedorchenko L.N., Kharisova T.A., 2026.

KW - automata-based programming

KW - bootstrapping method

KW - finite state machine diagram

KW - state transition graph

KW - stepwise refinement method

KW - transformation of imperative programs into automata-based programs

KW - UML

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/c4831143-baf7-369f-8a7f-da658d029644/

U2 - 10.17586/2226-1494-2026-26-1-154-164

DO - 10.17586/2226-1494-2026-26-1-154-164

M3 - статья

VL - 26

SP - 154

EP - 164

JO - Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics

JF - Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics

SN - 2226-1494

IS - 1

ER -