TY - JOUR

T1 - Impact of ocean acidification on thermal tolerance and acid–base regulation of Mytilus edulis from the White Sea

AU - Zittier, Z. M.C.

AU - Bock, C.

AU - Sukhotin, A. A.

AU - Häfker, N. S.

AU - Pörtner, H. O.

PY - 2018/11/1

Y1 - 2018/11/1

N2 - Ocean warming and acidification are two important environmental drivers affecting marine organisms. Organisms living at high latitudes might be especially threatened in near future, as current environmental changes are larger and occur faster. Therefore, we investigated the effect of hypercapnia on thermal tolerance and physiological performance of sub-Arctic Mytilus edulis from the White Sea. Mussels were exposed (2 weeks) to 390 µatm (control) and 1120 µatm CO2 (year 2100) before respiration rate (MO2), anaerobic metabolite (succinate) level, haemolymph acid–base status and intracellular pH (pHi) were determined during acute warming (10–28 °C, 3 °C over night). In normocapnic mussels, warming induced MO2 to rise exponentially until it levelled off beyond a breakpoint temperature of 20.5 °C. Concurrently, haemolymph PCO2 rose significantly > 19 °C followed by a decrease in PO2 indicating the pejus temperature (TP, onset of thermal limitation). Succinate started to accumulate at 28 °C under normocapnia defining the critical temperature (TC). pHi was maintained during warming until it dropped at 28 °C, in line with the concomitant transition to anaerobiosis. At acclimation temperature, CO2 had only a minor impact. During warming, MO2 was stimulated by CO2 resulting in an elevated breakpoint of 25.8 °C. Nevertheless, alterations in haemolymph gases (> 16 °C) and the concomitant changes of pHi and succinate level (25 °C) occurred at lower temperature under hypercapnia versus normocapnia indicating a downward shift of both thermal limits TP and TC by CO2. Compared to temperate conspecifics, sub-Arctic mussels showed an enhanced thermal sensitivity, exacerbated further by hypercapnia, indicating their potential vulnerability to environmental changes projected for 2100.

AB - Ocean warming and acidification are two important environmental drivers affecting marine organisms. Organisms living at high latitudes might be especially threatened in near future, as current environmental changes are larger and occur faster. Therefore, we investigated the effect of hypercapnia on thermal tolerance and physiological performance of sub-Arctic Mytilus edulis from the White Sea. Mussels were exposed (2 weeks) to 390 µatm (control) and 1120 µatm CO2 (year 2100) before respiration rate (MO2), anaerobic metabolite (succinate) level, haemolymph acid–base status and intracellular pH (pHi) were determined during acute warming (10–28 °C, 3 °C over night). In normocapnic mussels, warming induced MO2 to rise exponentially until it levelled off beyond a breakpoint temperature of 20.5 °C. Concurrently, haemolymph PCO2 rose significantly > 19 °C followed by a decrease in PO2 indicating the pejus temperature (TP, onset of thermal limitation). Succinate started to accumulate at 28 °C under normocapnia defining the critical temperature (TC). pHi was maintained during warming until it dropped at 28 °C, in line with the concomitant transition to anaerobiosis. At acclimation temperature, CO2 had only a minor impact. During warming, MO2 was stimulated by CO2 resulting in an elevated breakpoint of 25.8 °C. Nevertheless, alterations in haemolymph gases (> 16 °C) and the concomitant changes of pHi and succinate level (25 °C) occurred at lower temperature under hypercapnia versus normocapnia indicating a downward shift of both thermal limits TP and TC by CO2. Compared to temperate conspecifics, sub-Arctic mussels showed an enhanced thermal sensitivity, exacerbated further by hypercapnia, indicating their potential vulnerability to environmental changes projected for 2100.

KW - H-NMR spectroscopy

KW - Anaerobiosis

KW - Energy metabolism

KW - Extra- and intracellular acid–base status

KW - Global warming

KW - Population comparison

KW - 1H-NMR spectroscopy

KW - Extra- and intracellular acid-base status

KW - LUGWORM ARENICOLA-MARINA

KW - H-1-NMR spectroscopy

KW - INTRACELLULAR PH

KW - CLIMATE-CHANGE

KW - DYNAMIC ACTION

KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL-BASIS

KW - METABOLIC COLD ADAPTATION

KW - CRITICAL-TEMPERATURES

KW - ENERGY-METABOLISM

KW - OXYGEN LIMITATION

KW - SEAWATER ACIDIFICATION

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85049150928&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.mendeley.com/research/impact-ocean-acidification-thermal-tolerance-acidbase-regulation-mytilus-edulis-white-sea

U2 - 10.1007/s00300-018-2362-x

DO - 10.1007/s00300-018-2362-x

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85049150928

VL - 41

SP - 2261

EP - 2273

JO - Polar Biology

JF - Polar Biology

SN - 0722-4060

IS - 11

ER -