The background concentrations of hydrocarbons (HCs) were estimated for soils of the northernmost and northern taiga ecosystem of the Komi Republic. It was shown that accumulation and distribution of hydrocarbons in soil cover is regulated by following pedological factors: texture class, parent material and landform type and the type of soil forming process. In all studied soils of accumulative positions showed more pronounces accumulation of hydrocarbons than the soils of well-drained eluvial positions. Interprofile differentiation of hydrocarbons content is more expressed in clay-textured soils than sandy ones.