The paper reviews the state of the problem of evolution of language and brain. Various points of view are considered: nativism and connectionism, principle of modular organization of the higher psychic functions including language, and that of organization of all functions on the basis of the network and associative principle. There is also considered the justifiability of the idea of macromutation that has resulted in the appearance of language and a series of micromutations that have led to the same. Also considered are specific verbal disturbances including genetic ones.