Research background: The economy is a complex socio-dynamic system its functioning and development depends on the periodization due to cyclicity. Transformations during the period of stable development of the economy have a stable character and are fixed in its structure. The shock conditions of the economy are characterized by the critical nature of the flow of processes. Over a transitional period these conditions often have contradictions in the social, economic and environmental subsystems which are becoming more acute. Despite the complexity of the processes taking place on a global scale for a long period of time, there are key problems at the global level in each subsystem of the economy that have a bright color and do not lose their relevance. This is the problem of population growth in the social sphere and the problem of global warming in the environmental sphere. Finally, there is the problem of limited economic resources, smoothed out by their interchangeability and complementarity, but still not having a complete solution. The delayed or incomplete solution of these problems predetermines both the problem of the greenhouse effect, and the problem of the coronavirus pandemic, as well as, the problem of sanctions. In this regard, it can be assumed that shock states caused by the presence of key socio-ecological and economic problems, despite their "obvious" unpredictability, obey certain forecasts. This means that even for a period of economic instability, it is possible to obtain a fairly reliable assessment of changes in economic growth, structural shifts and the quality of life of a single economy included in the processes of global interaction.
Purpose of the article: The goal set by the authors is to study the key global problems in relation to the processes of economic growth and development and shock states of the economy.
Methods: The methodological basis of the research was based on a systematic approach, the principles of dialectical logic, the use of cause-effect and functional-structural analysis, giving an opportunity to revise key global problems and their impact on modern economic development. The work was accompanied by the use of methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, detailing, comparison, analogy, scientific abstraction and logical laws..
Findings & Value added: In the course of the research, the identification of key problems of the world economy was carried out, the causal relationship of globalization, aggravation of key problems, shock states of the economy and their predictability were analyzed.