The development of geography of tourism started in the 1970s with prof. Preobrazhensky. The Soviet school of recreational geography determines human recreational activities as an integral part of social and spiritual life and inextricably connects it to the labor force. Those days the basis of the Russian recreational geography was the doctrine of territorial recreation systems (TRS)-characterized by functional and territorial integrity. At present, Russian geography of tourism can be regarded as the science of spatial regularities and features of functioning of regional systems in the organization of tourist activity. The chapter in brief shows the history of tourism development in Russia treating this part as a kind of introduction to the contemporary state of tourism. The statistical data regarding domestic and international tourist movement, as well as its size and structure is analyzed. An important part of the chapter is dedicated to a detailed presentation of the most popular types of tourism practiced in Russia. As the most important ones, the authors recognize cultural and educational tourism, stressing the importance of the most popular tourist route-"The Golden ring of Russia," ethnic tourism-rather important part of the tourist potential in multicultural society, religious tourism, military-patriotic tourism, ecotourism, or event tourism. The next part of the chapter focuses on the tourist division of the regions in the European part of Russia. The prospects for the development of tourism in the country summarize the chapter.