The aim of the work was to clarify the gender, age and variable differences in the structure of brain structures in healthy volunteers in connection with the task of distinguishing between physiological aging and pathological processes of the brain. The study methods included performing structural MRI of the brain in 131 conditionally healthy volunteers aged 20 to 70 years (72 of them were women and 59 men). Using the method of MR voxel-based morphometry, the total volume of the brain as a whole, as well as its segmented parts, was measured, followed by a comparison of the data obtained in age subgroups and between the sexes. The data obtained in the course of the study indicate that the right and left thalamuses, the left caudate nucleus, the right shell, the left pale ball, and both hippocampus undergo the greatest reduction in size after 60 years. The greatest changes in the hippocampus are the volumes of CA3 Brodman fields. It is established that the process of «physiological aging» of the brain.