TY - JOUR

T1 - First report on chitinous holdfast in sponges (Porifera)

AU - Ehrlich, H.

AU - Kaluzhnaya, O.V.

AU - Tsurkan, M.V.

AU - Ereskovsky, A.

AU - Tabachnick, K.R.

AU - Ilan, M.

AU - Stelling, A.

AU - Galli, R.

AU - Petrova, O.V.

AU - Nekipelov, S.V.

AU - Sivkov, V.N.

AU - Vyalikh, D.

AU - Born, R.

AU - Behm, T.

AU - Ehrlich, A.

AU - Chernogor, L.I.

AU - Belikov, S.

AU - Janussen, D.

AU - Bazhenov, V.V.

AU - Worheide, G.

PY - 2013

Y1 - 2013

N2 - A holdfast is a root- or basal plate-like structure of principal importance that anchors aquatic sessile organisms, including sponges, to hard substrates. There is to date little information about the nature and origin of sponges’ holdfasts in both marine and freshwater environments. This work, to our knowledge, demonstrates for the first time that chitin is an important structural component within holdfasts of the endemic freshwater demosponge Lubomirskia baicalensis. Using a variety of techniques (near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure, Raman, electrospray ionization mas spectrometry, Morgan–Elson assay and Calcofluor White staining), we show that chitin from the sponge holdfast is much closer to a-chitin than to b-chitin. Most of the three-dimensional fibrous skeleton of this sponge consists of spicule-containing proteinaceous spongin. Intriguingly, the chitinous holdfast is not spongin-based, and is ontogenetically the oldest part of the sponge body. Sequencing revealed the presence of four previously

AB - A holdfast is a root- or basal plate-like structure of principal importance that anchors aquatic sessile organisms, including sponges, to hard substrates. There is to date little information about the nature and origin of sponges’ holdfasts in both marine and freshwater environments. This work, to our knowledge, demonstrates for the first time that chitin is an important structural component within holdfasts of the endemic freshwater demosponge Lubomirskia baicalensis. Using a variety of techniques (near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure, Raman, electrospray ionization mas spectrometry, Morgan–Elson assay and Calcofluor White staining), we show that chitin from the sponge holdfast is much closer to a-chitin than to b-chitin. Most of the three-dimensional fibrous skeleton of this sponge consists of spicule-containing proteinaceous spongin. Intriguingly, the chitinous holdfast is not spongin-based, and is ontogenetically the oldest part of the sponge body. Sequencing revealed the presence of four previously

KW - chitin

KW - Porifera

KW - holdfast

KW - endemic sponges

U2 - 10.1098/rspb.2013.0339

DO - 10.1098/rspb.2013.0339

M3 - Article

VL - 280

JO - Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

JF - Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

SN - 0962-8452

IS - 1762

ER -