TY - JOUR

T1 - Enhanced Osseointegrative Properties of Ultra-Fine-Grained Titanium Implants Modified by Chemical Etching and Atomic Layer Deposition

AU - Земцова, Елена Георгиевна

AU - Назаров, Денис Васильевич

AU - Смирнов, Владимир Михайлович

AU - Валиев, Руслан Зуфарович

AU - Юдинцева, Наталья Михайловна

AU - Шевцов, МА

N1 - Funding Information: This research was conducted using the equipment of the resource centers of the Research Park of the St. Petersburg State University, “Innovative Technologies of Composite Nanoma-terials”, “Physical Methods of Surface Investigation”, “X-ray Diffraction Studies”, “Nanotechnology”, and “Nanophotonics”. This work was supported in part by grants from the St-Petersburg State University, No. 6.37.204.2016, grant from the St-Petersburg State University and Event 3-2018. The animal experiments were in part supported by grants from the Russian Science Foundation, No. 14-50-00068, and by the Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations, Russia, State Grant of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 32.

PY - 2018/9/10

Y1 - 2018/9/10

N2 - An integrated approach combining severe plastic deformation (SPD), chemical etching (CE), and atomic layer deposition (ALD) was used to produce titanium implants with enhanced osseointegration. The relationship between morphology, topography, surface composition, and bioactivity of ultra-fine-grained (UFG) titanium modified by CE and ALD was studied in detail. The topography and morphology have been studied by means of atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and the spectral ellipsometry. The composition and structure have been determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The wettability of the surfaces was examined by the contact angle measurement. The bioactivity and biocompatibility of the samples were studied in vitro and in vivo. CE of UFG titanium in basic (NH 4OH/H 2O 2) or acidic (H 2SO 4/H 2O 2) piranha solution significantly enhances the surface roughness and leads to microstructures, nanostructures, and hierarchical micro-/nanostructures on the surfaces. In vitro results demonstrate deterioration of adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts cell for CE samples as compared to the non-treated ones. Atomic layer deposition of crystalline titanium oxide onto the CE samples increased hydrophilicity, changed the surface composition, and enhanced significantly in vitro characteristics. In vivo experiments demonstrated non-toxicity of the implants. Etching in basic piranha solution with subsequent ALD significantly improved implant osseointegration as compared with the non-modified samples.

AB - An integrated approach combining severe plastic deformation (SPD), chemical etching (CE), and atomic layer deposition (ALD) was used to produce titanium implants with enhanced osseointegration. The relationship between morphology, topography, surface composition, and bioactivity of ultra-fine-grained (UFG) titanium modified by CE and ALD was studied in detail. The topography and morphology have been studied by means of atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and the spectral ellipsometry. The composition and structure have been determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The wettability of the surfaces was examined by the contact angle measurement. The bioactivity and biocompatibility of the samples were studied in vitro and in vivo. CE of UFG titanium in basic (NH 4OH/H 2O 2) or acidic (H 2SO 4/H 2O 2) piranha solution significantly enhances the surface roughness and leads to microstructures, nanostructures, and hierarchical micro-/nanostructures on the surfaces. In vitro results demonstrate deterioration of adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts cell for CE samples as compared to the non-treated ones. Atomic layer deposition of crystalline titanium oxide onto the CE samples increased hydrophilicity, changed the surface composition, and enhanced significantly in vitro characteristics. In vivo experiments demonstrated non-toxicity of the implants. Etching in basic piranha solution with subsequent ALD significantly improved implant osseointegration as compared with the non-modified samples.

KW - Titanium Implants

KW - UFG titanium

KW - atomic layer deposition

KW - chemical etching

KW - osseointegration

KW - osteoblast response

KW - CELLS

KW - PROLIFERATION

KW - ADHESION

KW - METALS

KW - SEVERE PLASTIC-DEFORMATION

KW - ALLOYS

KW - SURFACE

KW - BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

KW - BONE

KW - DIFFERENTIATION

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85051141498&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00342

DO - 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00342

M3 - Article

VL - 4

SP - 3268

EP - 3281

JO - ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering

JF - ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering

SN - 2373-9878

IS - 9

ER -