Processes of economic development of society in the context of informal institutional factors in terms of processes of globalization and deglobalization of national economies are considered in this article. The concept of mentality in general and economic mentality in particular is entered for the purpose of substantiation of regularities of economic behavior of people which is demonstrated features of an economic system of this nation.
The economic mentality is considered as system of social mental sets by means of which social and economic activity is programmed and realized.
Need of correlation with features of the available economic system of any social and economic transformations meeting the requirements of openness of economy and globalization processes as such transformations can be successful only on condition of their compliance to the institutional environment of society is designated. Also various points of view of both the Russian, and foreign economists on mentality processes formation, and on the factors that have paramount importance at modification of economic mentation of people are considered.
The compelled closeness of the Russian economy caused by events of 2014, introduction of the mode of sanctions and countersanctions fits into the deglobalization process which is shown in various parts of former, almost monolithic global economy.
The authors analyze the mental characteristics which determined economic structure of the Russian society and designates possible ways of development of national economy.