The article is devoted to the small homeland of Felix Dzerzhinsky, the first head of the VCheka. Formerly known as the estate "Oziembowo", it was more commonly known as "Dzerzynowo". The article gives the analysis of the childhood of Felix Dzerzhinsky and his extended family, their financial standing and social status in Dzerzynowo on the basis of memoir sources and genealogical research, archives. During this period character of future head of Cheka's and his mindset were formed. The high cultural level of Dzerginskiy's family, primarily of his mother, mostly predestinated Dzerginskiy's biography. The article shows Felix Dzerzhinsky childhood, his mischiefs and pranks, his rebelliousness, village everyday life and the role of his mother, sisters and father in the upbringing of the child.