Matrix effects are the main problem of quantitative analysis using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). A large
number of methods (fundamental parameters, intensity correction, etc.) have been proposed to account for such
effects in order to increase the accuracy of determining the content of target analytes. Application of chemometric
algorithms for data processing of XRF spectra has been actively developed in recent years. The possibilities
of these methods have not been systematically studied in terms of the correction of matrix effects yet. The
present study is intended to fill this gap. The article compares the capabilities of the most popular chemometric
approaches and classical methods of XRF data processing using as an example quantitative determination of a
number of elements in ore and steel samples performed with energy-dispersive XRF.