TY - JOUR

T1 - Development of molecular tools for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease that are based on detection of amyloidogenic proteins

AU - Kulichikhin, Konstantin Y.

AU - Fedotov, Sergei A.

AU - Rubel, Maria S.

AU - Zalutskaya, Natalia M.

AU - Zobnina, Anastasia E.

AU - Malikova, Oksana A.

AU - Neznanov, Nikolay G.

AU - Chernoff, Yury O.

AU - Rubel, Aleksandr A.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

PY - 2021/12

Y1 - 2021/12

N2 - Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia that usually occurs among older people. AD results from neuronal degeneration that leads to the cognitive impairment and death. AD is incurable, typically develops over the course of many years and is accompanied by a loss of functional autonomy, making a patient completely dependent on family members and/or healthcare workers. Critical features of AD are pathological polymerization of Aβ peptide and microtubule-associated protein tau, accompanied by alterations of their conformations and resulting in accumulation of cross-β fibrils (amyloids) in human brains. AD apparently progresses asymptomatically for years or even decades before the appearance of symptoms. Therefore, development of the early AD diagnosis at a pre-symptomatic stage is essential for potential therapies. This review is focused on current and potential molecular tools (including non-invasive methods) that are based on detection of amyloidogenic proteins and can be applicable to early diagnosis of AD.Abbreviations: Aβ - amyloid-β peptide; AβO - amyloid-β oligomers; AD - Alzheimer's disease; ADRDA - Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association; APH1 - anterior pharynx defective 1; APP - amyloid precursor protein; BACE1 - β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1; BBB - brain blood barrier; CJD - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease; CRM - certified reference material; CSF - cerebrospinal fluid; ELISA - enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; FGD - 18F-fluorodesoxyglucose (2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose); IP-MS - immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay; MCI - mild cognitive impairment; MDS - multimer detection system; MRI - magnetic resonance imaging; NIA-AA - National Institute on Ageing and Alzheimer's Association; NINCDS - National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke; PEN2 - presenilin enhancer 2; PET - positron emission tomography; PiB - Pittsburgh Compound B; PiB-SUVR - PIB standardized uptake value ratio; PMCA - Protein Misfolding Cycling Amplification; PrP - Prion Protein; P-tau - hyperphosphorylated tau protein; RMP - reference measurement procedure; RT-QuIC - real-time quaking-induced conversion; SiMoA - single-molecule array; ThT - thioflavin T; TSEs - Transmissible Spongiform Encephslopathies; T-tau - total tau protein.

AB - Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia that usually occurs among older people. AD results from neuronal degeneration that leads to the cognitive impairment and death. AD is incurable, typically develops over the course of many years and is accompanied by a loss of functional autonomy, making a patient completely dependent on family members and/or healthcare workers. Critical features of AD are pathological polymerization of Aβ peptide and microtubule-associated protein tau, accompanied by alterations of their conformations and resulting in accumulation of cross-β fibrils (amyloids) in human brains. AD apparently progresses asymptomatically for years or even decades before the appearance of symptoms. Therefore, development of the early AD diagnosis at a pre-symptomatic stage is essential for potential therapies. This review is focused on current and potential molecular tools (including non-invasive methods) that are based on detection of amyloidogenic proteins and can be applicable to early diagnosis of AD.Abbreviations: Aβ - amyloid-β peptide; AβO - amyloid-β oligomers; AD - Alzheimer's disease; ADRDA - Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association; APH1 - anterior pharynx defective 1; APP - amyloid precursor protein; BACE1 - β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1; BBB - brain blood barrier; CJD - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease; CRM - certified reference material; CSF - cerebrospinal fluid; ELISA - enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; FGD - 18F-fluorodesoxyglucose (2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose); IP-MS - immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay; MCI - mild cognitive impairment; MDS - multimer detection system; MRI - magnetic resonance imaging; NIA-AA - National Institute on Ageing and Alzheimer's Association; NINCDS - National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke; PEN2 - presenilin enhancer 2; PET - positron emission tomography; PiB - Pittsburgh Compound B; PiB-SUVR - PIB standardized uptake value ratio; PMCA - Protein Misfolding Cycling Amplification; PrP - Prion Protein; P-tau - hyperphosphorylated tau protein; RMP - reference measurement procedure; RT-QuIC - real-time quaking-induced conversion; SiMoA - single-molecule array; ThT - thioflavin T; TSEs - Transmissible Spongiform Encephslopathies; T-tau - total tau protein.

KW - Alzheimer’s disease

KW - amyloid beta

KW - Aβ oligomers

KW - blood

KW - early diagnostics

KW - LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY

KW - oligomers

KW - Alzheimer&#8217

KW - s disease

KW - CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID

KW - PRION DETECTION

KW - A&#946

KW - CELL BIOLOGY

KW - BLOOD BIOMARKERS

KW - BETA OLIGOMERS

KW - NATIONAL INSTITUTE

KW - PHOSPHORYLATED TAU

KW - CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE

KW - ASSOCIATION WORKGROUPS

KW - Humans

KW - Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis

KW - Positron-Emission Tomography

KW - tau Proteins

KW - Amyloidogenic Proteins

KW - Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases

KW - Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases

KW - Amyloid beta-Peptides

KW - Biomarkers

KW - Aged

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105079527&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/e11c71e1-24dc-3bf3-aa98-22e01ddf6a50/

U2 - 10.1080/19336896.2021.1917289

DO - 10.1080/19336896.2021.1917289

M3 - Review article

C2 - 33910450

AN - SCOPUS:85105079527

VL - 15

SP - 56

EP - 69

JO - Prion

JF - Prion

SN - 1933-6896

IS - 1

ER -