TY - JOUR

T1 - Deep eutectic solvent for reversed-phase solidification-based microextraction: trace metal determination in edible oils

AU - Shishov, Andrey

AU - Djelouat, Younes

AU - Godunov, Pavel

AU - Bulatov, Andrey

PY - 2025/10/1

Y1 - 2025/10/1

N2 - A novel reversed-phase solidification-based microextraction (RPSME) procedure using a hydrophilic deep eutectic solvent (DES) was developed for the first time for the determination of trace metals in edible oils. The DES, composed of choline chloride, thiourea, and tartaric acid, was designed to simultaneously act as an extraction medium and a complexing agent. Owing to its low melting point and strong coordination ability, the DES enables efficient extraction of Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Mn from oil matrices, followed by solid-phase separation upon cooling—eliminating the need for centrifugation. Physicochemical properties of the DES were thoroughly investigated using FTIR, DSC, and TGA, confirming its stability and suitability for high-temperature extraction. Key extraction parameters (temperature, time, sample mass) were optimized, achieving recoveries of 86–97 % with detection limits of 6–20 μg kg−1 by ICP-OES. The developed method was successfully validated and applied to commercial sunflower and olive oils. The proposed green RPSME approach offers an efficient, solvent-minimized, and digestion-free alternative for trace metal analysis in lipid-rich samples.

AB - A novel reversed-phase solidification-based microextraction (RPSME) procedure using a hydrophilic deep eutectic solvent (DES) was developed for the first time for the determination of trace metals in edible oils. The DES, composed of choline chloride, thiourea, and tartaric acid, was designed to simultaneously act as an extraction medium and a complexing agent. Owing to its low melting point and strong coordination ability, the DES enables efficient extraction of Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Mn from oil matrices, followed by solid-phase separation upon cooling—eliminating the need for centrifugation. Physicochemical properties of the DES were thoroughly investigated using FTIR, DSC, and TGA, confirming its stability and suitability for high-temperature extraction. Key extraction parameters (temperature, time, sample mass) were optimized, achieving recoveries of 86–97 % with detection limits of 6–20 μg kg−1 by ICP-OES. The developed method was successfully validated and applied to commercial sunflower and olive oils. The proposed green RPSME approach offers an efficient, solvent-minimized, and digestion-free alternative for trace metal analysis in lipid-rich samples.

KW - Deep eutectic solvent

KW - Edible oil

KW - ICP-OES

KW - Metals

KW - Microextraction

KW - Solidification

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/dfb34745-6894-3615-955a-c7e2292fc60f/

U2 - 10.1016/j.microc.2025.114908

DO - 10.1016/j.microc.2025.114908

M3 - Article

VL - 217

JO - Microchemical Journal

JF - Microchemical Journal

SN - 0026-265X

IS - 217

M1 - 114908

ER -