TY - JOUR

T1 - Comprehensive Analysis of the Copper Exchange Implemented in Ammonia and Protonated Forms of Mordenite Using Microwave and Conventional Methods

AU - Shelyapina, Marina G.

AU - Krylova, Ekaterina A.

AU - Zhukov, Yurii M.

AU - Zvereva, Irina A.

AU - Rodriguez-Iznaga, Inocente

AU - Petranovskii, Vitalii

AU - Fuentes-Moyado, Sergio

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2019 by the authors.

PY - 2019/11/20

Y1 - 2019/11/20

N2 - This article presents the results of a comprehensive study of copper-exchanged mordenite samples prepared from its ammonia and protonated forms (Si/Al = 10) using two different ion exchange methods: conventional and microwave (MW)-assisted. The protonated H-MOR-10 sample was obtained by calcination of commercial NH4-MOR-10; in this case, a slight degradation of the mordenite framework was observed, but the resulting defects were partially restored after the first ion-exchange procedure of protons for copper ions. The level of copper exchange in the studied materials was found to be limited to 70%. Regardless of the exchange procedure, the replacement of ammonium or proton ions with copper led to a linear increase in the a/b ratio of cell parameters in accordance with an increase in the level of copper exchange, which means that all Cu2+ cations are ion-exchangeable and enter the main mordenite channel. Thermal analysis indicated a correlation between the replacement of various ammonium and hydroxyl groups by copper ions during the exchange treatment and their dehydroxylation energy during thermal decomposition. As a conclusion: MW-assisted treatment proved itself as an efficacious method for the synthesis of copper-exchanged mordenites, which not only significantly reduces preparation time but leads to a systematically higher copper exchange leve

AB - This article presents the results of a comprehensive study of copper-exchanged mordenite samples prepared from its ammonia and protonated forms (Si/Al = 10) using two different ion exchange methods: conventional and microwave (MW)-assisted. The protonated H-MOR-10 sample was obtained by calcination of commercial NH4-MOR-10; in this case, a slight degradation of the mordenite framework was observed, but the resulting defects were partially restored after the first ion-exchange procedure of protons for copper ions. The level of copper exchange in the studied materials was found to be limited to 70%. Regardless of the exchange procedure, the replacement of ammonium or proton ions with copper led to a linear increase in the a/b ratio of cell parameters in accordance with an increase in the level of copper exchange, which means that all Cu2+ cations are ion-exchangeable and enter the main mordenite channel. Thermal analysis indicated a correlation between the replacement of various ammonium and hydroxyl groups by copper ions during the exchange treatment and their dehydroxylation energy during thermal decomposition. As a conclusion: MW-assisted treatment proved itself as an efficacious method for the synthesis of copper-exchanged mordenites, which not only significantly reduces preparation time but leads to a systematically higher copper exchange leve

KW - морденит

KW - микроволновой ионообмен

KW - ЯМР

KW - ТГА

KW - РФЭС

KW - Mordenite

KW - microwave-assisted ion exchange

KW - XRD

KW - ICP-OES

KW - NMR

KW - TGA

KW - XPS

KW - Microwave-assisted ion exchange

UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/23

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85075426338&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/molecules24234216

DO - 10.3390/molecules24234216

M3 - Article

VL - 24

JO - Molecules

JF - Molecules

SN - 1420-3049

IS - 23

M1 - 4216

ER -