Co2+-preintercalated vanadium oxide (CoVO) nanobelts and the novel composite of CoVO with poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (CoVOP) were synthesized by a hydrothermal method. The obtained cathode materials were investigated in 3 M ZnSO4 aqueous solution using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge. The CoVOP cathodes showed the initial specific capacity of 435 mAh∙g−1 at 0.3 A∙g−1, and high C-rate capability.