The paper describes the database “Adult-Child Speech Interaction”: the speech material, recording conditions, equipment for recordings, and additional information about informants. At the present time the database “Adult-Child Speech Interaction” includes: 412 Gb of audio and video records collected from 80 dyads “mother - 4-7-year old children” with typically developing children (n = 40 dyads), children with autism spectrum disorders (n = 20 dyads), children with Down syndrome (n = 20 dyads); 87 Gb of audio and video records of interaction between the experimenter and 10 orphans with light intellectual disabilities and 10 orphans with developmental disorders. The psychophysiological study is aimed at identifying the features of speech interaction in dyads depending on the neurological and psychophysiological state of the child. The practical application of the database that can be used for creating automatic speech and language training systems and socialization skills developing for children with developmental disabilities is discussed.