The present review generalizes results of a comprehensive experimental study (by means of PXRD, SCXRD, TRPXRD, DSC, IR) of six chiral systems. These are enantiomeric systems of a single substance: (1) the system with a eutectic point (S- and R-E3ClMA), (2) the system forming a binary compound (l- and d-phenylglycine), and (3) the system forming equimolar and non-equimolar discrete compounds (S- and R-malic acid). Also these are diastereomeric systems and a system composed of enantiomers of different substances: (4) the diastereomeric system with continuous solid solutions (l- and l-allo-threonine), and (5) the diastereomeric system with a eutectic point (d- and l-allo-threonine), and (6) the system of enantiomers of different substances (l-valine and l-isoleucine) which contains a non-equimolar discrete compound. Crystal structures of discrete equimolar and non-equimolar homomolecular and heteromolecular compounds found in the systems under discussion are described. Also, polymorph diversity and the limits of solid solutions in such binary systems are discussed.