The objective: to evaluate the possibility of using the baseline activity of adenosine deaminase (ADA) to predict effectiveness of therapy in patients with new infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis (IPTB). Subjects and Methods. Data of 121 patients with new infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis were analyzed; patients were divided into groups according to therapy effectiveness. Results., The discriminant analysis of data of new infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis patients made it possible to obtain a discriminant function which included the activity of ADA, the concentration of haptoglobin (HP) and ceruloplasmin (CP) - parameters reflecting that severity of the disease and protective potential of the host. Conclusion. Analysis of ADA activity in combination with level of HP and CP allows the following: predicting effectiveness of the intensive phase of therapy before it begins in patients with new infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis (with the accuracy of 77.0%); assuming that the reduction of ADA activity and inhibition of the inflammatory response may be useful for treatment of patients with new infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis.