Introduction. In today’s transitional world marked by multiplicity, changeability, and uncertainty, manifestations of interpersonal tolerance and understanding are more relevant than ever. The study aims to examine the relationship between an individual’s tolerance toward others and their ability to understand them, taking into account both subjective and objective parameters of this capacity. Materials and Methods. The sample was 124 university students aged 19-20. The diagnostic toolkit included the COSCOM questionnaire (Communicative and Social Competence), the STAL method (Stability, Tolerance, and Altruism in Interpersonal Relationships and Other Personality Traits), the Parables test, the SUMO questionnaire (Self-Regulation and Success in Interpersonal Communication), the Expression test, and the Self-Assessment test (by V.N. Kunitsyn), as well as Cattell’s 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire. Statistical methods included descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation analysis, regression analysis, and Student’s t-test. Results. A direct correlation exists between personal tolerance and confidence in one’s ability to understand others (r = 0.249; p < 0.01); in other words, the higher a person’s level of tolerance, the more confident they are in their ability to understand others. However, the study also showed this confidence does not align with actual performance in social-perceptual tasks. Specifically, the accuracy of identifying another person’s emotional state through nonverbal cues was not correlated with personal tolerance (r = 0.09; p > 0.05). Both high- and low-tolerance individuals may perform equally well or poorly on such tasks. Conclusion. On the one hand, these findings align with existing research that suggests a link between personal tolerance and interpersonal understanding. On the other hand, they clarify the nature of this connection: tolerant individuals may feel confident in their ability to understand others, but this does not necessarily reflect accurate perception of the other’s actual emotional or psychological state. Thus, an important practical implication of this study is that development of social-perceptual skills should be a key component in correctional and developmental programs aimed to reduce intolerance, although it is not to be the sole focus.