The article is devoted to the study of migrants’ adaptation processes in a new sociocultural environment through the prism of acculturation and culture shock. The main theoretical approaches to the analysis of these phenomena are considered, including the “migration circle” model, which describes changes in the value orientations of migrants at different stages of resettlement. The authors analyse the stages of culture shock and their impact on the psychological state of individuals, as well as factors determining the success of acculturation, such as the degree of cultural similarity, tolerance of the host society and availability of support mechanisms. Special attention is paid to the issues of predicting the success of adaptation and the development of tools for assessing readiness to emigrate. The significance of intercultural trainings as one of the ways to reduce the negative consequences of migration is emphasised. The findings of the study provide a deeper understanding of the patterns of migrants’ adaptation and can be used to improve integration strategies in host countries.