BACKGROUND: Triglycerides are a key component of lipid metabolism and play an important role in the development of cardiometabolic syndrome, a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors. Identifying correlations between triglyceride levels and other cardiometabolic parameters has great scientific and practical value. AIM: To study the correlations between triglycerides and other cardiometabolic parameters in patients with hypertriglyceridemia. METHODS: This retrospective study included 693 cardiovascular patients aged 18 to 90 years with hypertriglyceridemia. Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to assess correlations, and the strength of associations was interpreted using Chaddock scale. RESULTS: Significant correlations between triglycerides and the following cardiometabolic parameters were found: body weight (r = 0.21, p < 0.001), body mass index (r = 0.23, p < 0.001), visceral fat index (r = 0.784, p < 0.001), waist circumference (r = 0.111, p = 0.045), METS-IR index (r = 0.358, p < 0.001), plasma atherogenicity index (r = 0.815, p < 0.001), glucose (r = 0.142, p = 0.001), HOMA-IR index (r = 0.20, p = 0.004), fasting insulin (r = 0.471, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (r = 0.265, p < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = −0.266, p < 0.001), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.965, p < 0.001), remnant cholesterol (r = 0.511, p < 0.001), and uric acid (r = 0.189, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Triglycerides are key to the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic syndrome, interacting with other components through complex lipid and carbohydrate metabolic pathways. Elevated serum triglyceride levels are associated with abdominal obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and arterial hypertension. Hypertriglyceridemia is also associated with elevated blood pressure, total cholesterol, and very low-density lipoprotein levels. Triglycerides correlate with all components of cardiometabolic syndrome, most likely through insulin resistance, which should be considered in the comprehensive management of these patients. Further research in this area is needed.