Over the past few years, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in pregnant women has been increasing rapidly, which is one of the most important problems of obstetrics, urology, and nephrology. The severity of the disease is assessed by a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). However, modern formulas of GFR give errors, therefore, it is necessary to search for new diagnostic markers of renal function in pregnant women. It is believed that elimination of cystatin C from the circulation by more than 99% is carried out by the kidneys. In an intact form, this molecule is not thought to undergo either tubular reabsorption or secretion. In this sense, cystatin C can be considered an almost ideal marker of GFR. This article discusses the possibilities of using cystatin C as a marker of renal function in pregnant women.