The features of organization of derivatives trading at the largest stock exchanges of Russia -Moscow Inter-Bank Currency Exchange (MICE) and Russian Trading System (RTS) are investigated. A technique of a comparative estimation of activity of primary and secondary market of futures is proposed. On the basis of comparative analysis of trading results the conclusion about the on-board character of trading on RTS and off-board one on MICE is made. Possible ways of the future development of Russian derivatives market are discussed