For 70 years the official religion of the Soviet power was atheism. How did it happen that not only was the existence of the Orthodox Church officially allowed but real faith was preserved outside official institutions as well as beyond the borders of state ideology? What were the ways of passing religious traditions from generation to generation? What were the main features of "people's faith" phenomenon? The report given considers some of the traditions that emerged in the Soviet period. They are metaphorically designated as the "White Kerchiefs" phenomenon. The report was made based on field research materials. Both theoretical approaches to the analysis of suchlike materials and possible methodological foundations are defined here. The author introduces the idea of "biography type" and deals with the concept of "topology of cultural memory".