This publication continues a series of authorial lectures devoted to questions of Propaedeutics
of Internal Diseases, primarily based on the material of cardiovascular, endocrine and bronchopulmonary diseases.
Propaedeutics is widely interpreted by authors as an Introduction to Internal Medicine; therefore, these lectures
also contain clinical pathophysiological material. The lectures compare the achievements and traditions of Russian
classical therapeutic school with the principles of Internal Medicine that have evolved in the practice of foreign
medical education. The third lecture is dedicated to methodology of physical examination and its data interpretation
related visual inspection in cardiovascular pathology.