TY - JOUR

T1 - Two lineages of bivalve transmissible neoplasia affect the blue mussel Mytilus trossulus Gould in the subarctic Sea of Okhotsk

AU - Сказина, Мария Александровна

AU - Одинцова, Нелия Адольфовна

AU - Майорова, Мария

AU - Фролова, Лидия

AU - Долганова, Ирина Алексеевна

AU - Регель, К.В.

AU - Стрелков, Петр Петрович

PY - 2022/2/23

Y1 - 2022/2/23

N2 - There are increasing findings of the bivalve transmissible neoplasia derived from the Pacific mussel Mytilus trossulus (MtrBTN) in populations of different Mytilus species worldwide. The Subarctic is an area where this disease has not yet been sought despite the fact that Mytilus spp. are widespread there, and M. trossulus itself is a boreal species. We used flow cytometry of the hemolymph, hemocytology, and histology to diagnose disseminated neoplasia in a sample of M. trossulus from Magadan in the subarctic Sea of Okhotsk. Neoplasia was identified in 11 of 214 mussels studied. Using mtDNA COI sequencing, we revealed genotypes identical or nearly identical to known MtrBTN ones in the hemolymph of most of the diseased mussels. Both MtrBTN evolutionary lineages have been identified, the widespread MtrBTN2, and MtrBTN1, so far only known from M. trossulus in British Columbia on the other side of the Pacific from Magadan. In addition, MtrBTN2 was represented by 2 common diverged mtDNA haplolineages. These conclusions were confirmed for selected cancerous mussels by molecular cloning of COI and additional nuclear and mtDNA genes. On the background of high genetic diversity, different cancers were similar in terms of ploidy (range 4.0-5.8 n) and nuclear-to-cell ratio. Our study provides the first description of neoplasia and MtrBTN in mussels from the Sea of Okhotsk and from the Subarctic, of both MtrBTN1 and MtrBTN2 in the same mussel population, and the first direct comparison between these transmissible cancers.

AB - There are increasing findings of the bivalve transmissible neoplasia derived from the Pacific mussel Mytilus trossulus (MtrBTN) in populations of different Mytilus species worldwide. The Subarctic is an area where this disease has not yet been sought despite the fact that Mytilus spp. are widespread there, and M. trossulus itself is a boreal species. We used flow cytometry of the hemolymph, hemocytology, and histology to diagnose disseminated neoplasia in a sample of M. trossulus from Magadan in the subarctic Sea of Okhotsk. Neoplasia was identified in 11 of 214 mussels studied. Using mtDNA COI sequencing, we revealed genotypes identical or nearly identical to known MtrBTN ones in the hemolymph of most of the diseased mussels. Both MtrBTN evolutionary lineages have been identified, the widespread MtrBTN2, and MtrBTN1, so far only known from M. trossulus in British Columbia on the other side of the Pacific from Magadan. In addition, MtrBTN2 was represented by 2 common diverged mtDNA haplolineages. These conclusions were confirmed for selected cancerous mussels by molecular cloning of COI and additional nuclear and mtDNA genes. On the background of high genetic diversity, different cancers were similar in terms of ploidy (range 4.0-5.8 n) and nuclear-to-cell ratio. Our study provides the first description of neoplasia and MtrBTN in mussels from the Sea of Okhotsk and from the Subarctic, of both MtrBTN1 and MtrBTN2 in the same mussel population, and the first direct comparison between these transmissible cancers.

KW - AMPLIFICATION

KW - BALTIC SEA

KW - CANCER

KW - CELLS

KW - DISEASES

KW - GULF

KW - LEUKEMIA

KW - MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES

KW - Mytilus

KW - Pacific subarctic

KW - SEQUENCES

KW - disseminated neoplasia

KW - molecular identification

KW - transmissible cancer

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/e07ab5ad-a321-304e-af96-22c378b0927c/

U2 - 10.1093/cz/zoac012

DO - 10.1093/cz/zoac012

M3 - Article

JO - Current Zoology

JF - Current Zoology

SN - 1674-5507

ER -