Quantifying long-term variations in the cloud liquid water path (LWP) is crucial to obtain a better understanding of the processes relevant to cloud–climate feedback. The 12-year (2013–2024) time series of LWP values obtained from ground-based measurements by the RPG-HATPRO radiometer near the Gulf of Finland is analysed, and the linear trends of the LWP for different sampling subsets of data are assessed. These subsets include all-hour, daytime, and night-time measurements. Two different approaches have been used for trend assessment, which produced similar results. Statistically significant linear trends have been detected for most data subsets. The most pronounced general trend over the period 2013–2024 has been detected for the daytime LWP, and it constitutes −0.0011 ± 0.00015 kg m−2 yr−1. This trend is driven mainly by the daytime LWP trend for the warm season (May–July, −0.0014 ± 0.00015 kg m−2 yr−1), which is considerably larger than the trend for the cold season (November–January, −0.00064 ± 0.00026 kg m−2 yr−1). Additionally, the analysis shows that the absolute number of clear-sky measurements decreased approximately by a factor of 4 if the years 2013 and 2024 are compared.
Original languageEnglish
Article number19
Number of pages21
JournalMeteorology
Volume4
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - 22 Jul 2025

    Scopus subject areas

  • Global and Planetary Change

ID: 138603132