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Three in one : evolution of viviparity, coenocytic placenta and polyembryony in cyclostome bryozoans. / Nekliudova, U. A.; Schwaha, T. F.; Kotenko, O. N.; Gruber, D.; Cyran, N.; Ostrovsky, A. N.

In: BMC Ecology and Evolution, Vol. 21, No. 1, 54, 12.04.2021.

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@article{0b5768aaa6da4cf5b632e93f5fe36ec3,
title = "Three in one: evolution of viviparity, coenocytic placenta and polyembryony in cyclostome bryozoans",
abstract = "Background: Placentation has evolved multiple times among both chordates and invertebrates. Although they are structurally less complex, invertebrate placentae are much more diverse in their origin, development and position. Aquatic colonial suspension-feeders from the phylum Bryozoa acquired placental analogues multiple times, representing an outstanding example of their structural diversity and evolution. Among them, the clade Cyclostomata is the only one in which placentation is associated with viviparity and polyembryony—a unique combination not present in any other invertebrate group. Results: The histological and ultrastructural study of the sexual polymorphic zooids (gonozooids) in two cyclostome species, Crisia eburnea and Crisiella producta, revealed embryos embedded in a placental analogue (nutritive tissue) with a unique structure—comprising coenocytes and solitary cells—previously unknown in animals. Coenocytes originate via nuclear multiplication and cytoplasmic growth among the cells surrounding the early embryo. This process also affects cells of the membranous sac, which initially serves as a hydrostatic system but later becomes main part of the placenta. The nutritive tissue is both highly dynamic, permanently rearranging its structure, and highly integrated with its coenocytic {\textquoteleft}elements{\textquoteright} being interconnected via cytoplasmic bridges and various cell contacts. This tissue shows evidence of both nutrient synthesis and transport (bidirectional transcytosis), supporting the enclosed multiple progeny. Growing primary embryo produces secondary embryos (via fission) that develop into larvae; both the secondary embyos and larvae show signs of endocytosis. Interzooidal communication pores are occupied by 1‒2 specialized pore-cells probably involved in the transport of nutrients between zooids. Conclusions: Cyclostome nutritive tissue is currently the only known example of a coenocytic placental analogue, although syncytial {\textquoteleft}elements{\textquoteright} could potentially be formed in them too. Structurally and functionally (but not developmentally) the nutritive tissue can be compared with the syncytial placental analogues of certain invertebrates and chordates. Evolution of the cyclostome placenta, involving transformation of the hydrostatic apparatus (membranous sac) and change of its function to embryonic nourishment, is an example of exaptation that is rather widespread among matrotrophic bryozoans. We speculate that the acquisition of a highly advanced placenta providing massive nourishment might support the evolution of polyembryony in cyclostomes. In turn, massive and continuous embryonic production led to the evolution of enlarged incubating polymorphic gonozooids hosting multiple progeny.",
keywords = "Coenocyte, Colonial invertebrates, Evolution, Placenta, Polyembryony, Viviparity, Placentation, Bryozoa, Pregnancy, Animals, Fishes, Female, Invertebrates, CELLEPORELLA-HYALINA BRYOZOA, REPRODUCTIVE PATTERNS, UTERUS, SPECIALIZATIONS, FETAL NUTRITION, CESTODA, SEXUAL REPRODUCTION, SKELETAL ULTRASTRUCTURE, COMPARATIVE ANATOMY, CHEILOSTOMATA",
author = "Nekliudova, {U. A.} and Schwaha, {T. F.} and Kotenko, {O. N.} and D. Gruber and N. Cyran and Ostrovsky, {A. N.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021, The Author(s).",
year = "2021",
month = apr,
day = "12",
doi = "10.1186/s12862-021-01775-z",
language = "English",
volume = "21",
journal = "BMC Ecology and Evolution",
issn = "1471-2148",
publisher = "BioMed Central Ltd.",
number = "1",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Three in one

T2 - evolution of viviparity, coenocytic placenta and polyembryony in cyclostome bryozoans

AU - Nekliudova, U. A.

AU - Schwaha, T. F.

AU - Kotenko, O. N.

AU - Gruber, D.

AU - Cyran, N.

AU - Ostrovsky, A. N.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s).

PY - 2021/4/12

Y1 - 2021/4/12

N2 - Background: Placentation has evolved multiple times among both chordates and invertebrates. Although they are structurally less complex, invertebrate placentae are much more diverse in their origin, development and position. Aquatic colonial suspension-feeders from the phylum Bryozoa acquired placental analogues multiple times, representing an outstanding example of their structural diversity and evolution. Among them, the clade Cyclostomata is the only one in which placentation is associated with viviparity and polyembryony—a unique combination not present in any other invertebrate group. Results: The histological and ultrastructural study of the sexual polymorphic zooids (gonozooids) in two cyclostome species, Crisia eburnea and Crisiella producta, revealed embryos embedded in a placental analogue (nutritive tissue) with a unique structure—comprising coenocytes and solitary cells—previously unknown in animals. Coenocytes originate via nuclear multiplication and cytoplasmic growth among the cells surrounding the early embryo. This process also affects cells of the membranous sac, which initially serves as a hydrostatic system but later becomes main part of the placenta. The nutritive tissue is both highly dynamic, permanently rearranging its structure, and highly integrated with its coenocytic ‘elements’ being interconnected via cytoplasmic bridges and various cell contacts. This tissue shows evidence of both nutrient synthesis and transport (bidirectional transcytosis), supporting the enclosed multiple progeny. Growing primary embryo produces secondary embryos (via fission) that develop into larvae; both the secondary embyos and larvae show signs of endocytosis. Interzooidal communication pores are occupied by 1‒2 specialized pore-cells probably involved in the transport of nutrients between zooids. Conclusions: Cyclostome nutritive tissue is currently the only known example of a coenocytic placental analogue, although syncytial ‘elements’ could potentially be formed in them too. Structurally and functionally (but not developmentally) the nutritive tissue can be compared with the syncytial placental analogues of certain invertebrates and chordates. Evolution of the cyclostome placenta, involving transformation of the hydrostatic apparatus (membranous sac) and change of its function to embryonic nourishment, is an example of exaptation that is rather widespread among matrotrophic bryozoans. We speculate that the acquisition of a highly advanced placenta providing massive nourishment might support the evolution of polyembryony in cyclostomes. In turn, massive and continuous embryonic production led to the evolution of enlarged incubating polymorphic gonozooids hosting multiple progeny.

AB - Background: Placentation has evolved multiple times among both chordates and invertebrates. Although they are structurally less complex, invertebrate placentae are much more diverse in their origin, development and position. Aquatic colonial suspension-feeders from the phylum Bryozoa acquired placental analogues multiple times, representing an outstanding example of their structural diversity and evolution. Among them, the clade Cyclostomata is the only one in which placentation is associated with viviparity and polyembryony—a unique combination not present in any other invertebrate group. Results: The histological and ultrastructural study of the sexual polymorphic zooids (gonozooids) in two cyclostome species, Crisia eburnea and Crisiella producta, revealed embryos embedded in a placental analogue (nutritive tissue) with a unique structure—comprising coenocytes and solitary cells—previously unknown in animals. Coenocytes originate via nuclear multiplication and cytoplasmic growth among the cells surrounding the early embryo. This process also affects cells of the membranous sac, which initially serves as a hydrostatic system but later becomes main part of the placenta. The nutritive tissue is both highly dynamic, permanently rearranging its structure, and highly integrated with its coenocytic ‘elements’ being interconnected via cytoplasmic bridges and various cell contacts. This tissue shows evidence of both nutrient synthesis and transport (bidirectional transcytosis), supporting the enclosed multiple progeny. Growing primary embryo produces secondary embryos (via fission) that develop into larvae; both the secondary embyos and larvae show signs of endocytosis. Interzooidal communication pores are occupied by 1‒2 specialized pore-cells probably involved in the transport of nutrients between zooids. Conclusions: Cyclostome nutritive tissue is currently the only known example of a coenocytic placental analogue, although syncytial ‘elements’ could potentially be formed in them too. Structurally and functionally (but not developmentally) the nutritive tissue can be compared with the syncytial placental analogues of certain invertebrates and chordates. Evolution of the cyclostome placenta, involving transformation of the hydrostatic apparatus (membranous sac) and change of its function to embryonic nourishment, is an example of exaptation that is rather widespread among matrotrophic bryozoans. We speculate that the acquisition of a highly advanced placenta providing massive nourishment might support the evolution of polyembryony in cyclostomes. In turn, massive and continuous embryonic production led to the evolution of enlarged incubating polymorphic gonozooids hosting multiple progeny.

KW - Coenocyte

KW - Colonial invertebrates

KW - Evolution

KW - Placenta

KW - Polyembryony

KW - Viviparity

KW - Placentation

KW - Bryozoa

KW - Pregnancy

KW - Animals

KW - Fishes

KW - Female

KW - Invertebrates

KW - CELLEPORELLA-HYALINA BRYOZOA

KW - REPRODUCTIVE PATTERNS

KW - UTERUS

KW - SPECIALIZATIONS

KW - FETAL NUTRITION

KW - CESTODA

KW - SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

KW - SKELETAL ULTRASTRUCTURE

KW - COMPARATIVE ANATOMY

KW - CHEILOSTOMATA

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104352182&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/7cfa4bd3-479c-32cb-9fe5-9be25ac936f5/

U2 - 10.1186/s12862-021-01775-z

DO - 10.1186/s12862-021-01775-z

M3 - Article

C2 - 33845757

AN - SCOPUS:85104352182

VL - 21

JO - BMC Ecology and Evolution

JF - BMC Ecology and Evolution

SN - 1471-2148

IS - 1

M1 - 54

ER -

ID: 71016270