Current paper is focused on the selection of crucial scientific approaches used in social geographical and regional researches, which will allow to reveal a role of geo economic factor in the transformation of economy of the St. Petersburg coastal region. Among considered approaches, the world economic, the geo economic and the spatial approaches have the greatest significance. The cluster approach will allow to mark the points and the territories of regional economy growth, leaning on the developed or developing elements of the globalized geo economic space, for the purpose of smoothing of the outlined polarization of economical and geographical space of considered regions. The geo situational approach, with GIS-complexes and methods of geo information mapping, will allow to plan possibilities of geographical management of this seaside region. Refs 45. Table 1.